Suzanne M. Michalek

Biodegradable Vaccine Microcapsules for Systemic and Mucosal Immunization against VEE. (1998)

Michalek, Suzanne M.

The overall goal of this contract effort was to determine the effectiveness of microencapsulated vaccines compared to the conventional vaccines in inducing protective immune responses against...

Analysis of the Virulence of Streptococcus mutans Serotype c gtfA Mutants in the Rat Model System (1988)

Barletta, Raul G., Michalek, Suzanne M., Curtis, Roy

The Streptococcus mutans serotype c gtfA gene encodes a 55-kilodalton protein which catalyzes the synthesis of a small glucan (1.5 kilodaltons) from sucrose (J. P. Robeson, R. G. Barletta, and R....

A Controlled Clinical Study of the Effect of Nasal Immunization with a Streptococcus mutans Antigen Alone or Incorporated into Liposomes on Induction of Immune Responses

Childers, Noel K., Tong, Giang, Mitchell, Stephen, Kirk, Katharine, Russell, Michael W., Michalek, Suzanne M.

Recent attention to mucosal immunization strategies has been focused on the nasal route for vaccine delivery. This study was designed to determine the effectiveness of a liposome-protein vaccine...

Functional and Immunogenic Characterization of Two Cloned Regions of Streptococcus mutans Glucosyltransferase I

Jespersgaard, Christina, Hajishengallis, George, Greenway, Terrence E., Smith, Daniel J., Russell, Michael W., Michalek, Suzanne M.

Glucosyltransferase (GTF) enzymes of mutans streptococci are considered virulence factors due to their ability to synthesize adhesive glucans, which facilitate cell-to-cell adherence and...

Virulence of a spaP Mutant of Streptococcus mutans in a Gnotobiotic Rat Model

Crowley, Paula J., Brady, L. Jeannine, Michalek, Suzanne M., Bleiweis, Arnold S.

Streptococcus mutans, the principal etiologic agent of dental caries in humans, possesses a variety of virulence traits that enable it to establish itself in the oral cavity and initiate disease. A...

Host Responses to Recombinant Hemagglutinin B of Porphyromonas gingivalis in an Experimental Rat Model

Katz, Jannet, Black, Kelley P., Michalek, Suzanne M.

Porphyromonas gingivalis, a gram-negative, black-pigmented anaerobe, is among the microorganisms implicated in the etiology of adult periodontal disease. This bacterium possesses a number of factors,...

Protective Immunity against Streptococcus mutans Infection in Mice after Intranasal Immunization with the Glucan-Binding Region of S. mutans Glucosyltransferase

Jespersgaard, Christina, Hajishengallis, George, Huang, Yan, Russell, Michael W., Smith, Daniel J., Michalek, Suzanne M.

Here we present the construction and characterization of a chimeric vaccine protein combining the glucan-binding domain (GLU) of the gtfB-encoded water-insoluble glucan-synthesizing...

Comparative Analysis of the Mucosal Adjuvanticity of the Type II Heat-Labile Enterotoxins LT-IIa and LT-IIb

Martin, Michael, Metzger, Daniel J., Michalek, Suzanne M., Connell, Terry D., Russell, Michael W.

Cholera toxin (CT) and the heat-labile enterotoxin of Escherichia coli (LT-I) are members of the serogroup I heat-labile enterotoxins (HLT) and can serve as systemic and mucosal adjuvants. However,...

Characterization of Porphyromonas gingivalis-Induced Degradation of Epithelial Cell Junctional Complexes

Katz, Jannet, Sambandam, Vijaya, Wu, John H., Michalek, Suzanne M., Balkovetz, Daniel F.

Porphyromonas gingivalis is considered among the etiological agents of human adult periodontitis. Although in vitro studies have shown that P. gingivalis has the ability to invade epithelial cell...

Construction and Characterization of a Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Clone Expressing a Salivary Adhesin of Streptococcus mutans under Control of the Anaerobically Inducible nirB Promoter

Huang, Yan, Hajishengallis, George, Michalek, Suzanne M.

Attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium has been used for targeted delivery of recombinant antigens to the gut-associated lymphoid tissues. One potential problem associated with this...

Recombinant Antigen-Enterotoxin A2/B Chimeric Mucosal Immunogens Differentially Enhance Antibody Responses and B7-Dependent Costimulation of CD4+ T Cells

Martin, Michael, Hajishengallis, George, Metzger, Daniel J., Michalek, Suzanne M., Connell, Terry D., Russell, Michael W.

The ADP-ribosylating enterotoxins, cholera toxin (CT) and the Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin (LT-IIa), have been shown to enhance mucosal and systemic antibody (Ab) responses to coadministered...

Signaling by Toll-Like Receptor 2 and 4 Agonists Results in Differential Gene Expression in Murine Macrophages

Hirschfeld, Matthew, Weis, Janis J., Toshchakov, Vladimir, Salkowski, Cindy A., Cody, M. Joshua, Ward, Dawn C., ...

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) derived from the periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis has been reported to differ structurally and functionally from enterobacterial LPS. These studies demonstrate...

Induction of Protective Immunity against Streptococcus mutans Colonization after Mucosal Immunization with Attenuated Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Expressing an S. mutans Adhesin under the Control of In Vivo-Inducible nirB Promoter

Huang, Yan, Hajishengallis, George, Michalek, Suzanne M.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium vaccine strain expressing the saliva-binding region (SBR) of the...

Genetic Characterization of a Streptococcus mutans LraI Family Operon and Role in Virulence

Kitten, Todd, Munro, Cindy L., Michalek, Suzanne M., Macrina, Francis L.

Proteins belonging to the LraI (for “lipoprotein receptor antigen”) family function as adhesins in several streptococci, as a virulence factor for endocarditis in at least one of these species,...

Distinct Cytokine Regulation by Cholera Toxin and Type II Heat-Labile Toxins Involves Differential Regulation of CD40 Ligand on CD4+ T Cells

Martin, Michael, Metzger, Daniel J., Michalek, Suzanne M., Connell, Terry D., Russell, Michael W.

Cholera toxin (CT) and the type II heat-labile enterotoxins (HLT) LT-IIa and LT-IIb act as potent systemic and mucosal adjuvants and induce distinct T-helper (Th)-cell cytokine profiles. In the...

Effect of Attenuated Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Expressing a Streptococcus mutans Antigen on Secondary Responses to the Cloned Protein

Jespersgaard, Christina, Zhang, Ping, Hajishengallis, George, Russell, Michael W., Michalek, Suzanne M.

Attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium has been used for targeted delivery of recombinant antigens to gut- and nose-associated lymphoid tissues. Contradictory reports have described the...

Adjuvant Activity of Monophosphoryl Lipid A for Nasal and Oral Immunization with Soluble or Liposome-Associated Antigen

Childers, Noel K., Miller, Keri L., Tong, Giang, Llarena, Juan Carlos, Greenway, Terrance, Ulrich, J. Terry, ...

The effectiveness of monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) as a mucosal adjuvant was investigated following oral or intranasal (i.n.) administration of an aqueous adjuvant formulation of MPL (MPL-AF) added to...

Effect of Lipopolysaccharide and Inflammatory Cytokines on Interleukin-6 Production by Healthy Human Gingival Fibroblasts

Kent, Leigh W., Rahemtulla, Firoz, Hockett, Richard D., Gilleland, Rebecca C., Michalek, Suzanne M.

Cytokines are hormone-like proteins which mediate and regulate inflammatory and immune responses. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and inflammatory...

Comparison of an Adherence Domain and a Structural Region of Streptococcus mutans Antigen I/II in Protective Immunity against Dental Caries in Rats after Intranasal Immunization

Hajishengallis, George, Russell, Michael W., Michalek, Suzanne M.

Previous studies have identified an N-terminal saliva-binding region (SBR) on Streptococcus mutans surface antigen I/II (AgI/II) and suggested its importance in the initial adherence of S. mutans to...

Inactivation of the gbpA Gene of Streptococcus mutans Increases Virulence and Promotes In Vivo Accumulation of Recombinations between the Glucosyltransferase B and C Genes

Hazlett, Karsten R. O., Michalek, Suzanne M., Banas, Jeffrey A.

Glucan-binding protein A (GbpA) of Streptococcus mutans has been hypothesized to promote sucrose-dependent adherence and the cohesiveness of plaque and therefore to contribute to caries formation. We...

Effectiveness of Liposomes Possessing Surface-Linked Recombinant B Subunit of Cholera Toxin as an Oral Antigen Delivery System

Harokopakis, Evlambia, Hajishengallis, George, Michalek, Suzanne M.

Liposomes appear to be a promising oral antigen delivery system for the development of vaccines against infectious diseases, although their uptake efficiency by Peyer’s patches in the gut and the...

Identification and Characterization of a Nonimmunoglobulin Factor in Human Saliva That Inhibits Streptococcus mutans Glucosyltransferase

Jespersgaard, Christina, Hajishengallis, George, Russell, Michael W., Michalek, Suzanne M.

Saliva contains an array of nonimmunoglobulin defense factors which are thought to contribute to the protection of the hard and soft tissue surfaces of the oral cavity by modulating microbial...

Hydrolysis of Epithelial Junctional Proteins by Porphyromonas gingivalis Gingipains

Katz, Jannet, Yang, Qiu-Bo, Zhang, Ping, Potempa, Jan, Travis, James, Michalek, Suzanne M., ...

Porphyromonas gingivalis has been implicated as an etiologic agent of adult periodontitis. We have previously shown that P. gingivalis can degrade the epithelial cell-cell junction complexes, thus...

Mechanisms of Monophosphoryl Lipid A Augmentation of Host Responses to Recombinant HagB from Porphyromonas gingivalis

Yang, Qiu-Bo, Martin, Michael, Michalek, Suzanne M., Katz, Jannet

Porphyromonas gingivalis, a gram-negative, black-pigmented anaerobe, is among the microorganisms implicated in the etiology of adult periodontal disease. This bacterium possesses a number of factors,...

Enhanced Immunogenicity of a Genetic Chimeric Protein Consisting of Two Virulence Antigens of Streptococcus mutans and Protection against Infection

Zhang, Ping, Jespersgaard, Christina, Lamberty-Mallory, Leticia, Katz, Jannet, Huang, Yan, Hajishengallis, George, ...

The saliva-binding region (SBR) of the cell surface antigen I/II (AgI/II) and the glucan-binding region (GLU) of the glucosyltransferase enzyme of Streptococcus mutans have been implicated in the...

Role of Innate Immune Factors in the Adjuvant Activity of Monophosphoryl Lipid A

Martin, Michael, Michalek, Suzanne M., Katz, Jannet

Monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) is a nontoxic derivative of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) that exhibits adjuvant properties similar to those of the parent LPS molecule. However, the mechanism by which MPL...

Pneumococcal Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA) Is Not as Potent as Staphylococcal LTA in Stimulating Toll-Like Receptor 2

Han, Seung Hyun, Kim, Je Hak, Martin, Michael, Michalek, Suzanne M., Nahm, Moon H.

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of gram-positive sepsis, and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) may be important in causing gram-positive bacterial septic shock. Even though pneumococcal LTA is...

Role of B7 Costimulatory Molecules in Immune Responses and T-Helper Cell Differentiation in Response to Recombinant HagB from Porphyromonas gingivalis

Zhang, Ping, Martin, Michael, Yang, Qiu-Bo, Michalek, Suzanne M., Katz, Jannet

In addition to antigen-specific signals mediated through the T-cell receptor, T cells also require antigen nonspecific costimulation for activation. The B7 family of molecules on antigen-presenting...

In vitro immune responses to a T cell-dependent antigen by cultures of disassociated murine Peyer's patch

Kiyono, Hiroshi, McGhee, Jerry R., Wannemuehler, Michael J., Frangakis, Maria V., Spalding, David M., Michalek, Suzanne M., ...

The first line of defense against pathogens that enter the host by the oral route appears to involve the gut-associated lymphoreticular tissue—e.g., Peyer's patches (PP). Although animals can...

Role of B7 Costimulatory Molecules in Mediating Systemic and Mucosal Antibody Responses to Attenuated Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium and Its Cloned Antigen

Garcia, Carlos A., Martin, Michael, Michalek, Suzanne M.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the ability of an attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium vaccine strain to up-regulate B7-1 and B7-2 on antigen-presenting cells and to...

Virulence of Streptococcus mutans: Restoration of Pathogenesis of a Glucosyltransferase-Defective Mutant (C4)

Hirasawa, Masatomo, Kiyono, Hiroshi, Shiota, Tetsuo, Hull, Richard A., Curtiss, Roy, Michalek, Suzanne M., ...

Previous studies have shown that a mutant (designated C4) of Streptococcus mutans 6715 wild type (WT) is defective in glucosyltransferase (GTF)-synthesized insoluble glucan and is avirulent in...

Virulence of Streptococcus mutans: In Vivo Reversion of a Low-Virulence Mutant Results in Partial Displacement and Pathogenesis

Hirasawa, Masatoma, Kiyono, Hiroshi, Babb, James L., Shiota, Tetsuo, Michalek, Suzanne M., McGhee, Jerry R.

A mutant of Streptococcus mutans 6715 wild type (WT), designated C4, has been shown previously to be defective in glucosyltransferase synthesis of insoluble glucan and to have low virulence in...

Cellular Mechanisms of the Adjuvant Activity of the Flagellin Component FljB of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium To Potentiate Mucosal and Systemic Responses

Pino, Oscar, Martin, Michael, Michalek, Suzanne M.

An expanding area of interest is the utilization of microbe-based components to augment mucosal and systemic immune responses to target antigens. Thus, the aim of the present study was to assess if...

Lipoteichoic Acid-Induced Nitric Oxide Production Depends on the Activation of Platelet-Activating Factor Receptor and Jak21

Han, Seung Hyun, Kim, Je Hak, Seo, Ho Seong, Martin, Michael H., Chung, Gook-Hyun, Michalek, Suzanne M., ...

NO production by macrophages in response to lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and a synthetic lipopeptide (Pam3CSK4) was investigated. LTA and Pam3CSK4 induced the production of both TNF-α and NO. Inhibitors...

Role of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases and NF-κB in the Regulation of Proinflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines by Porphyromonas gingivalis Hemagglutinin B

Zhang, Ping, Martin, Michael, Michalek, Suzanne M., Katz, Jannet

Hemagglutinin B (HagB) is a nonfimbrial adhesin expressed on the surface of Porphyromonas gingivalis and has been implicated as a potential virulence factor involved in mediating the attachment of...

Toll-Like Receptor 2 Is Required for Inflammatory Responses to Francisella tularensis LVS

Katz, Jannet, Zhang, Ping, Martin, Michael, Vogel, Stefanie N., Michalek, Suzanne M.

Francisella tularensis, a gram-negative bacterium, is the etiologic agent of tularemia and has recently been classified as a category A bioterrorism agent. Infections with F. tularensis result in an...

A Controlled Clinical Study of the Effect of Nasal Immunization with a Streptococcus mutans Antigen Alone or Incorporated into Liposomes on Induction of Immune Responses

Childers, Noel K., Tong, Giang, Mitchell, Stephen, Kirk, Katharine, Russell, Michael W., Michalek, Suzanne M.

Recent attention to mucosal immunization strategies has been focused on the nasal route for vaccine delivery. This study was designed to determine the effectiveness of a liposome-protein vaccine...

Functional and Immunogenic Characterization of Two Cloned Regions of Streptococcus mutans Glucosyltransferase I

Jespersgaard, Christina, Hajishengallis, George, Greenway, Terrence E., Smith, Daniel J., Russell, Michael W., Michalek, Suzanne M.

Glucosyltransferase (GTF) enzymes of mutans streptococci are considered virulence factors due to their ability to synthesize adhesive glucans, which facilitate cell-to-cell adherence and...

Virulence of a spaP Mutant of Streptococcus mutans in a Gnotobiotic Rat Model

Crowley, Paula J., Brady, L. Jeannine, Michalek, Suzanne M., Bleiweis, Arnold S.

Streptococcus mutans, the principal etiologic agent of dental caries in humans, possesses a variety of virulence traits that enable it to establish itself in the oral cavity and initiate disease. A...

Host Responses to Recombinant Hemagglutinin B of Porphyromonas gingivalis in an Experimental Rat Model

Katz, Jannet, Black, Kelley P., Michalek, Suzanne M.

Porphyromonas gingivalis, a gram-negative, black-pigmented anaerobe, is among the microorganisms implicated in the etiology of adult periodontal disease. This bacterium possesses a number of factors,...

Protective Immunity against Streptococcus mutans Infection in Mice after Intranasal Immunization with the Glucan-Binding Region of S. mutans Glucosyltransferase

Jespersgaard, Christina, Hajishengallis, George, Huang, Yan, Russell, Michael W., Smith, Daniel J., Michalek, Suzanne M.

Here we present the construction and characterization of a chimeric vaccine protein combining the glucan-binding domain (GLU) of the gtfB-encoded water-insoluble glucan-synthesizing...

Comparative Analysis of the Mucosal Adjuvanticity of the Type II Heat-Labile Enterotoxins LT-IIa and LT-IIb

Martin, Michael, Metzger, Daniel J., Michalek, Suzanne M., Connell, Terry D., Russell, Michael W.

Cholera toxin (CT) and the heat-labile enterotoxin of Escherichia coli (LT-I) are members of the serogroup I heat-labile enterotoxins (HLT) and can serve as systemic and mucosal adjuvants. However,...

Characterization of Porphyromonas gingivalis-Induced Degradation of Epithelial Cell Junctional Complexes

Katz, Jannet, Sambandam, Vijaya, Wu, John H., Michalek, Suzanne M., Balkovetz, Daniel F.

Porphyromonas gingivalis is considered among the etiological agents of human adult periodontitis. Although in vitro studies have shown that P. gingivalis has the ability to invade epithelial cell...

Construction and Characterization of a Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Clone Expressing a Salivary Adhesin of Streptococcus mutans under Control of the Anaerobically Inducible nirB Promoter

Huang, Yan, Hajishengallis, George, Michalek, Suzanne M.

Attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium has been used for targeted delivery of recombinant antigens to the gut-associated lymphoid tissues. One potential problem associated with this...

Recombinant Antigen-Enterotoxin A2/B Chimeric Mucosal Immunogens Differentially Enhance Antibody Responses and B7-Dependent Costimulation of CD4+ T Cells

Martin, Michael, Hajishengallis, George, Metzger, Daniel J., Michalek, Suzanne M., Connell, Terry D., Russell, Michael W.

The ADP-ribosylating enterotoxins, cholera toxin (CT) and the Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin (LT-IIa), have been shown to enhance mucosal and systemic antibody (Ab) responses to coadministered...

Signaling by Toll-Like Receptor 2 and 4 Agonists Results in Differential Gene Expression in Murine Macrophages

Hirschfeld, Matthew, Weis, Janis J., Toshchakov, Vladimir, Salkowski, Cindy A., Cody, M. Joshua, Ward, Dawn C., ...

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) derived from the periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis has been reported to differ structurally and functionally from enterobacterial LPS. These studies demonstrate...

Induction of Protective Immunity against Streptococcus mutans Colonization after Mucosal Immunization with Attenuated Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Expressing an S. mutans Adhesin under the Control of In Vivo-Inducible nirB Promoter

Huang, Yan, Hajishengallis, George, Michalek, Suzanne M.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium vaccine strain expressing the saliva-binding region (SBR) of the...

Genetic Characterization of a Streptococcus mutans LraI Family Operon and Role in Virulence

Kitten, Todd, Munro, Cindy L., Michalek, Suzanne M., Macrina, Francis L.

Proteins belonging to the LraI (for “lipoprotein receptor antigen”) family function as adhesins in several streptococci, as a virulence factor for endocarditis in at least one of these species,...

Distinct Cytokine Regulation by Cholera Toxin and Type II Heat-Labile Toxins Involves Differential Regulation of CD40 Ligand on CD4+ T Cells

Martin, Michael, Metzger, Daniel J., Michalek, Suzanne M., Connell, Terry D., Russell, Michael W.

Cholera toxin (CT) and the type II heat-labile enterotoxins (HLT) LT-IIa and LT-IIb act as potent systemic and mucosal adjuvants and induce distinct T-helper (Th)-cell cytokine profiles. In the...

Effect of Attenuated Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Expressing a Streptococcus mutans Antigen on Secondary Responses to the Cloned Protein

Jespersgaard, Christina, Zhang, Ping, Hajishengallis, George, Russell, Michael W., Michalek, Suzanne M.

Attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium has been used for targeted delivery of recombinant antigens to gut- and nose-associated lymphoid tissues. Contradictory reports have described the...

Adjuvant Activity of Monophosphoryl Lipid A for Nasal and Oral Immunization with Soluble or Liposome-Associated Antigen

Childers, Noel K., Miller, Keri L., Tong, Giang, Llarena, Juan Carlos, Greenway, Terrance, Ulrich, J. Terry, ...

The effectiveness of monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) as a mucosal adjuvant was investigated following oral or intranasal (i.n.) administration of an aqueous adjuvant formulation of MPL (MPL-AF) added to...

Effect of Lipopolysaccharide and Inflammatory Cytokines on Interleukin-6 Production by Healthy Human Gingival Fibroblasts

Kent, Leigh W., Rahemtulla, Firoz, Hockett, Richard D., Gilleland, Rebecca C., Michalek, Suzanne M.

Cytokines are hormone-like proteins which mediate and regulate inflammatory and immune responses. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and inflammatory...

Comparison of an Adherence Domain and a Structural Region of Streptococcus mutans Antigen I/II in Protective Immunity against Dental Caries in Rats after Intranasal Immunization

Hajishengallis, George, Russell, Michael W., Michalek, Suzanne M.

Previous studies have identified an N-terminal saliva-binding region (SBR) on Streptococcus mutans surface antigen I/II (AgI/II) and suggested its importance in the initial adherence of S. mutans to...

Inactivation of the gbpA Gene of Streptococcus mutans Increases Virulence and Promotes In Vivo Accumulation of Recombinations between the Glucosyltransferase B and C Genes

Hazlett, Karsten R. O., Michalek, Suzanne M., Banas, Jeffrey A.

Glucan-binding protein A (GbpA) of Streptococcus mutans has been hypothesized to promote sucrose-dependent adherence and the cohesiveness of plaque and therefore to contribute to caries formation. We...

Effectiveness of Liposomes Possessing Surface-Linked Recombinant B Subunit of Cholera Toxin as an Oral Antigen Delivery System

Harokopakis, Evlambia, Hajishengallis, George, Michalek, Suzanne M.

Liposomes appear to be a promising oral antigen delivery system for the development of vaccines against infectious diseases, although their uptake efficiency by Peyer’s patches in the gut and the...

Identification and Characterization of a Nonimmunoglobulin Factor in Human Saliva That Inhibits Streptococcus mutans Glucosyltransferase

Jespersgaard, Christina, Hajishengallis, George, Russell, Michael W., Michalek, Suzanne M.

Saliva contains an array of nonimmunoglobulin defense factors which are thought to contribute to the protection of the hard and soft tissue surfaces of the oral cavity by modulating microbial...

Hydrolysis of Epithelial Junctional Proteins by Porphyromonas gingivalis Gingipains

Katz, Jannet, Yang, Qiu-Bo, Zhang, Ping, Potempa, Jan, Travis, James, Michalek, Suzanne M., ...

Porphyromonas gingivalis has been implicated as an etiologic agent of adult periodontitis. We have previously shown that P. gingivalis can degrade the epithelial cell-cell junction complexes, thus...

Mechanisms of Monophosphoryl Lipid A Augmentation of Host Responses to Recombinant HagB from Porphyromonas gingivalis

Yang, Qiu-Bo, Martin, Michael, Michalek, Suzanne M., Katz, Jannet

Porphyromonas gingivalis, a gram-negative, black-pigmented anaerobe, is among the microorganisms implicated in the etiology of adult periodontal disease. This bacterium possesses a number of factors,...

Enhanced Immunogenicity of a Genetic Chimeric Protein Consisting of Two Virulence Antigens of Streptococcus mutans and Protection against Infection

Zhang, Ping, Jespersgaard, Christina, Lamberty-Mallory, Leticia, Katz, Jannet, Huang, Yan, Hajishengallis, George, ...

The saliva-binding region (SBR) of the cell surface antigen I/II (AgI/II) and the glucan-binding region (GLU) of the glucosyltransferase enzyme of Streptococcus mutans have been implicated in the...

Role of Innate Immune Factors in the Adjuvant Activity of Monophosphoryl Lipid A

Martin, Michael, Michalek, Suzanne M., Katz, Jannet

Monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) is a nontoxic derivative of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) that exhibits adjuvant properties similar to those of the parent LPS molecule. However, the mechanism by which MPL...

Pneumococcal Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA) Is Not as Potent as Staphylococcal LTA in Stimulating Toll-Like Receptor 2

Han, Seung Hyun, Kim, Je Hak, Martin, Michael, Michalek, Suzanne M., Nahm, Moon H.

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of gram-positive sepsis, and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) may be important in causing gram-positive bacterial septic shock. Even though pneumococcal LTA is...

Role of B7 Costimulatory Molecules in Immune Responses and T-Helper Cell Differentiation in Response to Recombinant HagB from Porphyromonas gingivalis

Zhang, Ping, Martin, Michael, Yang, Qiu-Bo, Michalek, Suzanne M., Katz, Jannet

In addition to antigen-specific signals mediated through the T-cell receptor, T cells also require antigen nonspecific costimulation for activation. The B7 family of molecules on antigen-presenting...

In vitro immune responses to a T cell-dependent antigen by cultures of disassociated murine Peyer's patch

Kiyono, Hiroshi, McGhee, Jerry R., Wannemuehler, Michael J., Frangakis, Maria V., Spalding, David M., Michalek, Suzanne M., ...

The first line of defense against pathogens that enter the host by the oral route appears to involve the gut-associated lymphoreticular tissue—e.g., Peyer's patches (PP). Although animals can...

Role of B7 Costimulatory Molecules in Mediating Systemic and Mucosal Antibody Responses to Attenuated Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium and Its Cloned Antigen

Garcia, Carlos A., Martin, Michael, Michalek, Suzanne M.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the ability of an attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium vaccine strain to up-regulate B7-1 and B7-2 on antigen-presenting cells and to...