T. H. Lee

Publication List Details

Period

1968 - 9999

Number

217

Co-Authors

An Error Analysis of the Photographic Technique for Measuring Percent Vegetative Cover (9999)

T. H. Lee

A vertical overhead ground photographic technique was developed to determine percent vegetative ground cover. Acquisition of the photographs is rapid and simple and the technique is well suited to...

Servo Systems, 2nd edition (2009)

Michael Polis, Zongli Lin, B. M. Chen, T. H. Lee, K. Peng, V. Venkataramanan, ...

Iwas first introduced to disk drive servo systems as a graduate student under

Internal audit in the federal organizations of Malaysia : is there light at the end of the long dark tunnel? (2009)

Md Ali, A., Ahmi, A., Ali, A., Ghazali, M.Z., Gloeck, Juergen Dieter, Lee, T.H.

Internal audit is supposed to help members of organizations to improve their business activities. But the findings from in-depth interviews with internal auditors from a total of 40 federal...

The audit expectation gap in Malaysia : an investigation into its causes and remedies (2009)

Lee, T.H., Md Ali, A., Gloeck, Juergen Dieter

Increased litigation and criticism of auditors has left little room for doubt that auditors are facing a liability and credibility crisis. The auditing profession has named this problematic issue the...

Nanofabrication of Diamond-like Carbon Templates for Nanoimprint Lithography (2008)

L. Tao, S. Ramach, C. T. Nelson, T. H. Lee, L. J. Overzet, M. J. Goeckner, ...

Diamond like carbon (DLC) films were deposited on Si and then patterned to form 40 nm features as nanoimprint templates. A plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) system with CH4 precursor...

Online available since 2006/Mar/15 Metamodel-based Shape Optimization of Connecting Rod Considering Fatigue Life (2008)

T. H. Lee, J. J. Jung

Abstract. To optimize a connecting rod satisfying fatigue life, metamodel-based design optimization is proposed. To approximately predict both volume and fatigue life of connecting rod, kriging...

Online available since 2004/Apr/15 Design Sensitivity Analysis and Optimization of Nonlinear Anisotropic Structures (2008)

T. H. Lee, J. J. Jung

Nonlinear analysis of anisotropic structures is described by using Hill’s yield criterion that anisotropic yield contour is assumed to be retained its shape during the hardening process. Nonlinear...

WITH GABOR WAVELET CODING (2008)

C. Xiang, X. A. Fan, T. H. Lee

The constraint on the total number of features available from Fisher Linear Discriminant (FLD) has seriously limited its application to a large class of problems. In order to overcome this...

A hybrid multiobjective evolutionary algorithm for solving vehicle routing problem with time windows (2008)

K. C. Tan, T. H. Lee, Y. H. Chew

Abstract- This paper considers a transportation problem for moving empty or laden containers for a logistic company. A model for this truck and trailer vehicle routing problem (TTVRP) is first...

Higher dimensional cosmological model with a phantom field (2008)

Hong, S. T., Lee, J., Lee, T. H., OH, P.

We consider a higher dimensional gravity theory with a negative kinetic energy scalar field and a cosmological constant. We find that the theory admits an exact cosmological solution for the scale...

A study of auditors' responsibility for fraud detection in Malaysia (2008)

Lee, T.H., Ali, A.Md., Gloeck, Juergen Dieter

The auditors' duties for the prevention, detection and reporting of fraud, other illegal acts and errors is one of the most controversial issues in auditing. This paper reports the findings of a...

A study of auditors' responsibility for fraud detection in Malaysia (2008)

Lee, T.H., Md Ali, A., Gloeck, Juergen Dieter

The auditors' duties for the prevention, detection and reporting of fraud, other illegal acts and errors is one of the most controversial issues in auditing. This paper reports the findings of a...

The audit expectation gap : alive and well in Malaysia (2008)

Lee, T.H., Md Ali, A., Gloeck, Juergen Dieter

Based on Porter's framework, 35 semi structured in-depth interviews were conducted with the objective of understand the underlying causes that give rise to the different components of the audit...

Stabilization of Nonholonomic Chained Systems via Nonregular Feedback Linearization (2007)

Z. Sun, S. S. Ge, W. Huo, T. H. Lee

This paper addresses the problem of feedback stabilization of nonholonomic chained systems within the framework of nonregular feedback linearization. Firstly, the nonsmooth version of nonregular...

Adaptive NN Control of Dynamic Systems with Unknown Dynamic Friction (2007)

S. S. Ge, T. H. Lee, J. Wang

In this paper, based on the dynamic LuGre friction model, adaptive NN controllers are presented by using neural networks to parameterize the unknown characteristic function α(x, ˙x)or the unknown...

The Role of Lysine Amino Nitrogen in the Biosynthesis of Mousy Off-Flavor Compounds by Dekkera anomala (2007)

Grbin, Paul Ramon, Herderich, M., Markides, A., Lee, T. H., Henschke, P. A.

Mousy off-flavor is an insidious and economically disastrous microbiologically derived spoilage characteristic of wine and other fermented beverages. Tainted wines are rendered unpalatable and there...

The Role of Lysine Amino Nitrogen in the Biosynthesis of Mousy Off-Flavor Compounds by Dekkera anomala (2007)

Grbin, Paul Ramon, Herderich, M., Markides, A., Lee, T. H., Henschke, P. A.

Mousy off-flavor is an insidious and economically disastrous microbiologically derived spoilage characteristic of wine and other fermented beverages. Tainted wines are rendered unpalatable and there...

The audit expectation gap : an empirical study in Malaysia (2007)

Lee, T.H., Gloeck, Juergen Dieter, Palaniappan, A.K.

The auditing profession believes the increase in litigation against, and criticism of auditors can be traced to an audit expectation gap. This paper reports the findings of a questionnaire survey on...

Could formant frequencies of snore signals be an alternative means for the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea? (2007)

Ng, A. K., Koh, T. S., Baey, E., Lee, T. H., Abeyratne, U. R., Puvanendran, K.

OBJECTIVE: To study the feasibility of using acoustic signatures in snore signals for the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). METHODS: Snoring sounds of 30 apneic snorers (24 males; 6...

The audit expectation gap : an empirical study in Malaysia (2007)

Lee, T.H., Gloeck, Juergen Dieter, Palaniappan, A.K.

The auditing profession believes the increase in litigation against, and criticism of auditors can be traced to an audit expectation gap. This paper reports the findings of a questionnaire survey on...

Deleted in cancer 1 (DICE1) is an essential protein controlling the topology of the inner mitochondrial membrane in C. elegans. (2006)

Han, S M, Lee, T H, Mun, J Y, Kim, M J, Kritikou, E A, Lee, S J, ...

DICE1 (deleted in cancer 1), first identified in human lung carcinoma cell lines, is a candidate tumor suppressor, but the details of its activity remain largely unknown. We have found that RNA...

Thruster and Vibration Control of Marine Powertrain Using a Class of Feedforward Approximators (2006)

Tao, P.Y., Ge, S.S., Lee, T.H., Chen, X.Q.

In this paper, we consider the tracking problem of propeller shaft speed and simultaneously minimizing torsional vibrations in marine shafting system, in the presence of parametric/functional...

Rephasing invariant parametrization of flavor mixing matrices (2005)

Kuo, T. K., Lee, T. H.

The three-flavor mixing matrix can be parameterized by the rephasing invariants Gamma(ijk) = V1iV2jV3k. This formulation brings out the inherent symmetry of the problem and has some appealing...

Rephasing invariant parametrization of flavor mixing matrices (2005)

Kuo, T. K., Lee, T. H.

The three-flavor mixing matrix can be parameterized by the rephasing invariants Gamma(ijk) = V1iV2jV3k. This formulation brings out the inherent symmetry of the problem and has some appealing...

VOLTAGE DISTRIBUTION, IONIZATION, AND ENERGY BALANCE IN THE CATHODE REGION OF AN ARC. (2005)

LEE,T. H., Greenwood,Allan, Breingan,W. D., Fullerton,H. P.

Formulations are given for the several sub-regions of the model proposed in ARL 63-163 (AD-418 764) for the cathode region of an argon arc. It is shown that it is necessary to include a new...

SPACE CHARGE AND IONIZATION REGIONS NEAR THE ARC CATHODE. (2005)

Lee,T.H., Greenwood,Allan

A model for the cathode drop region of an arc on refractory cathodes is formulated. Briefly, there are four regions. In region I both the positive ions and electrons fall freely. In region II, the...

Fabrication and Performance of Separately-Biasable Antiparallel-Pair (2004)

Lee, T. H., Humphrey, D. A., Dengler, R. J., Mehdi, I., Martin, S. C., Pease, A., ...

A 210 MHz waveguide subharmonically-pumped mixer with integrated antiparallel-pair planar

Evolutionary computing for knowledge discovery (2003)

K. C. Tan, Q. Yu, C. M. Heng, T. H. Lee

One of the major challenges in medical domain is the extraction of comprehensible knowledge from medical diagnosis data. In this paper, a two-phase hybrid evolutionary classification technique is...

Neutrino Clustering in the Galaxy with a Global Monopole (2002)

Lee, T. H., McKellar, B. H. J.

In spherically symmetric, static spacetime, we show that only j=1/2 fermions can satisfy both Einstein's field equation and Dirac's equation. It is also shown that neutrinos are able to have...

Scalar Non-Luminous Matter in Galaxies (2001)

Lee, B. J., Lee, T. H.

As a candidate for dark matter in galaxies, we study an SU(3) triplet of complex scalar fields which are non-minimally coupled to gravity. In the spherically symmetric static spacetime where the flat...

Linearization and stabilization of second-order nonholonomic chained systems (2001)

S. S. Ge, Z. Sun, T. H. Lee, Mark W. Spong

Abstract: This paper presents a theoretical framework for linearization and stabilization of second-order nonholonomic chained systems. By giving a new criterion for the problem of nonsmooth...

Linearization and Stabilization of Second-Order Nonholonomic Chained Systems (2001)

Ge Sun Lee, S. S. Ge, Z. Sun, T. H. Lee, Mark W. Spong

This paper present s at==j#3CL framework forlinearizatCL and st5Pj lizatH5 of second-order nonholonomic chainedsystd#H By giving a newcritHRP# fort he problem of nonsmoo t nonregular...

Development of a Distant Laboratory (2000)

Using Labview Tan, K. K. Tan, T. H. Lee, F. M. Leu

This paper presents the development of a distant laboratory experiment for engineering students at the National University of Singapore. The experiment is concerned with real-time modeling and...

AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF THE PHYSICAL PROCESSES IN THE CATHODE REGION OF AN ARC. (1998)

Lee, T. H., Greenwood,Allan, Breingan,W. D., Fullerton,H. P.

The objective of the work was to study the fundamental operating processes in the cathode region of an electric arc. The study was primarily theoretical, supplemented with some experimental...

Microwave Antenna Technology: OSU Reflector Antenna Code. User's Manual. (1998)

Lee, T. H., Rudduck, R. C.

The major purpose of this research is to provide a computer aided analysis and design capability for microwave reflector antenna systems, in the 1-40 GHz range. This capability will allow for the...

Neutrino self-energy and dispersion in a medium with magnetic field (1998)

Erdas, A., Kim, C. W., Lee, T. H.

We calculate the one-loop thermal self-energy of a neutrino in a constant and homogeneous magnetic field to all orders in the magnetic field strength using Schwinger's proper time method. We obtain...

Microwave Antenna Technology: Calculation of Fields Radiated by Rotationally Symmetric Horn Antennas Using Moment Method. (1997)

Chuang, C. W., Lee, T. H.

The radiation problems of microwave horn antennas which are circularly symmetric (bodies of revolution) can be analyzed by the method of moments. With this approach, the induced currents on the horn...

Magnetic properties of neutrinos in high temperature SU(2)XU(1) gauge theory (1997)

Erdas, A., Kim, C. W., Lee, T. H.

We calculate the finite temperature self-energy for neutrinos in the presence of a constant magnetic field in a medium in the unbroken $SU(2) \otimes U(1)$ model. We obtain the exact dispersion...

Physical Modelling of Enhanced High-Frequency Drain and Gate Current Noise in Short-Channel MOSFETs (1997)

Gleb Klimovitch Lee, T. H. Lee, Y. Yamamoto

Short-channel CMOS technologies have shown growing prominence for a number of RF applications, such as wide-band wireless communication systems. However, the issue of excessive noise in submicron...

A scale-dependent cosmology for the inhomogeneous Universe (1995)

Kim, C. W., Lee, T. H., Song, J.

A scale-dependent cosmology is proposed in which the Robertson-Walker metric and the Einstein equation are modified in such a way that $\Omega_0$, $H_0$ and the age of the Universe all become...

Modifications of the Hubble Law in a Scale-Dependent Cosmology (1995)

Kim, C. W., Lee, T. H., Song, J.

We study some observational consequences of a recently proposed scale--dependent cosmological model for an inhomogeneous Universe. In this model the Universe is pictured as being inside a highly...

Precipitating factors of asthma (1992)

Lee, T. H.

Asthma is characterised by bronchial hyperresponsiveness. This feature of the asthmatic diathesis predisposes patients to wheezing in response to a number of different factors. These precipitating...

Fine Structure and Carotenoid Composition of the Fibrillar Chromoplasts of Asparagus officinalis L. (1977)

SIMPSON, D. J., BAQAR, M. R., LEE, T. H.

The spindle-shaped chromoplasts of the ripe fruit of Asparagus officinalis developed from chloroplasts that lost grana and stroma lamellae and accumulated large-sized plastoglobules, most of which...

Ultrastructure and Carotenoid Composition of Chromoplasts of the Sepals of Strelitzia reginae Aiton during Floral Development (1975)

SIMPSON, D. J., BAQAR, M. R., LEE, T. H.

Ontogenetic development of chromoplasts from the coloured outer perianth segments of the flower of Strelitzia reginae was examined with an electron microscope. The plastids evolved through five...

Pattern of gp120 sequence divergence linked to a lack of clinical progression in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.

Wang, W K, Essex, M, McLane, M F, Mayer, K H, Hsieh, C C, Brumblay, H G, ...

Differential rates of AIDS development and/or T4 lymphocyte depletion in HIV-1-infected individuals remain unexplained. The hypothesis that qualitative differences in selection pressure in vivo may...

An inhibitor of p34cdc2/cyclin B that regulates the G2/M transition in Xenopus extracts.

Lee, T H, Kirschner, M W

The activity of maturation-promoting factor (MPF), a protein kinase complex composed of p34cdc2 and cyclin B, is undetectable during interphase but rises abruptly at the G2/M transition to induce...

A regulatory element in the promoter of the human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene that has related sequences in other T-cell-expressed cytokine genes.

Staynov, D Z, Cousins, D J, Lee, T H

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a cytokine with a broad spectrum of cell-differentiating and colony-stimulating activities. It is expressed by several undifferentiated...

Killing of primary CD4+ T cells by non-syncytium-inducing macrophage-tropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

Yu, X, McLane, M F, Ratner, L, O'Brien, W, Collman, R, Essex, M, ...

Understanding the mechanism by which human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) kills CD4+ T lymphocytes is important to the development of therapeutic and prophylactic strategies. Recent studies...

A virion-specific inhibitory molecule with therapeutic potential for human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

Matsuda, Z, Yu, X, Yu, Q C, Lee, T H, Essex, M

A potential new approach for gene therapy against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is the design of a nonstructural gene-based virion-specific inhibitory molecule that is...

Nonrandom distribution of gp120 N-linked glycosylation sites important for infectivity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

Lee, W R, Syu, W J, Du, B, Matsuda, M, Tan, S, Wolf, A, ...

More than 20 consensus N-linked glycosylation sites occur in the gp120 coding sequence of most isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Based on the N-linked glycosylation pattern of a...

Downregulation of interleukin 8 gene expression in human fibroblasts: unique mechanism of transcriptional inhibition by interferon.

Oliveira, I C, Sciavolino, P J, Lee, T H, Vilcek, J

The chemotactic cytokine interleukin 8 (IL-8) is produced upon stimulation by various agents in many cell types, including connective-tissue fibroblasts. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and IL-1 are...

Sexual transmission of human T-cell leukemia virus type I associated with the presence of anti-Tax antibody.

Chen, Y M, Okayama, A, Lee, T H, Tachibana, N, Mueller, N, Essex, M

The tax gene product (Tax protein) of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) is a specific transcriptional activator of the viral long terminal repeat sequence and is essential for the...

The N-terminal region of the human immunodeficiency virus envelope glycoprotein gp120 contains potential binding sites for CD4.

Syu, W J, Huang, J H, Essex, M, Lee, T H

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccines targeted at blocking HIV-CD4 interactions are expected to be less affected by the sequence heterogeneity of HIV than those targeted at variable regions of...

Identification of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtype C Gag-, Tat-, Rev-, and Nef-Specific Elispot-Based Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Responses for AIDS Vaccine Design

Novitsky, V., Rybak, N., McLane, M. F., Gilbert, P., Chigwedere, P., Klein, I., ...

The most severe human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) epidemic is occurring in southern Africa. It is caused by HIV-1 subtype C (HIV-1C). In this study we present the identification and...

Magnitude and Frequency of Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Responses: Identification of Immunodominant Regions of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtype C

Novitsky, V., Cao, H., Rybak, N., Gilbert, P., McLane, M. F., Gaolekwe, S., ...

A systematic analysis of immune responses on a population level is critical for a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vaccine design. Our studies in Botswana on (i) molecular analysis of the...

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtype C Molecular Phylogeny: Consensus Sequence for an AIDS Vaccine Design?

Novitsky, V., Smith, U. R., Gilbert, P., McLane, M. F., Chigwedere, P., Williamson, C., ...

An evolving dominance of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype C (HIV-1C) in the AIDS epidemic has been associated with a high prevalence of HIV-1C infection in the southern African countries...

Association between Virus-Specific T-Cell Responses and Plasma Viral Load in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtype C Infection

Novitsky, V., Gilbert, P., Peter, T., McLane, M. F., Gaolekwe, S., Rybak, N., ...

Virus-specific T-cell immune responses are important in restraint of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication and control of disease. Plasma viral load is a key determinant of disease...

The Wilms' tumor suppressor gene (wt1) product represses different functional classes of transcriptional activation domains.

Lee, T H, Moffett, P, Pelletier, J

We have studied the ability of the wt1 tumor suppressor gene product to repress different classes of activation domains previously shown to stimulate the initiation and elongation steps of RNA...

The highly conserved aspartic acid residue between hypervariable regions 1 and 2 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 is important for early stages of virus replication.

Wang, W K, Essex, M, Lee, T H

Between hypervariable regions V1 and V2 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp120 lies a cluster of relatively conserved residues. The contribution of nine charged residues in this region...

Hepatitis B virus X protein interacts with a probable cellular DNA repair protein.

Lee, T H, Elledge, S J, Butel, J S

The mechanism of action of hepatitis B virus (HBV) X protein in transcriptional transactivation and in tumorigenesis remains obscure. We have used the yeast two-hybrid system to identify a cellular...

Single amino acid substitution in constant region 1 or 4 of gp120 causes the phenotype of a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variant with mutations in hypervariable regions 1 and 2 to revert.

Wang, W K, Essex, M, Lee, T H

The second major cysteine loop of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycoprotein gp120 contains 5 to 11 consensus N-linked glycosylation sites, which is disproportionately higher than the...

Interaction of the UV-damaged DNA-binding protein with hepatitis B virus X protein is conserved among mammalian hepadnaviruses and restricted to transactivation-proficient X-insertion mutants.

Sitterlin, D, Lee, T H, Prigent, S, Tiollais, P, Butel, J S, Transy, C

We carried out a comparative analysis of several proposed host protein partners of the human hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) using both the GAL4- and the LexA-based yeast two-hybrid system. We...

Mutations in the cytoplasmic domain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmembrane protein impair the incorporation of Env proteins into mature virions.

Yu, X, Yuan, X, McLane, M F, Lee, T H, Essex, M

In-frame stop codons were introduced into the coding region of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmembrane protein (gp41). Truncation of 147 amino acids from the carboxyl terminus of...

Mutational analysis of the leucine zipper-like motif of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope transmembrane glycoprotein.

Chen, S S, Lee, C N, Lee, W R, McIntosh, K, Lee, T H

The N-terminal region of the envelope (env) transmembrane protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) has a leucine zipper-like motif. This highly conserved zipper motif, which consists of...

Vpx of simian immunodeficiency virus is localized primarily outside the virus core in mature virions.

Yu, X, Matsuda, Z, Yu, Q C, Lee, T H, Essex, M

Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 and the related simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) contain a unique regulatory gene, vpx. The Vpx protein is packaged in mature virions and is required for...

Mutations in the N-terminal region of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 matrix protein block intracellular transport of the Gag precursor.

Yuan, X, Yu, X, Lee, T H, Essex, M

The matrix domain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag polyprotein was studied for its role in virus assembly. Deletion and substitution mutations caused a dramatic reduction in virus...

Molecular mimicry between the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 V3 loop and human brain proteins.

Trujillo, J R, McLane, M F, Lee, T H, Essex, M

Immunologically cross-reactive proteins in the human brain that resemble the V3 loop of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp120 have been identified. When several homogenized tissues from...

Growth and Metabolism of Lactic Acid Bacteria during and after Malolactic Fermentation of Wines at Different pH

Davis, C. R., Wibowo, D. J., Lee, T. H., Fleet, G. H.

Commercially produced red wines were adjusted to pH 3.0, 3.2, 3.5, 3.7, or 4.0 and examined during and after malolactic fermentation for growth of lactic acid bacteria and changes in the...

Mutational analysis of conserved N-linked glycosylation sites of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp41.

Lee, W R, Yu, X F, Syu, W J, Essex, M, Lee, T H

Amino acid substitutions were introduced into four conserved N-linked glycosylation sites of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope transmembrane glycoprotein, gp41, to alter the canonical...

The matrix protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 is required for incorporation of viral envelope protein into mature virions.

Yu, X, Yuan, X, Matsuda, Z, Lee, T H, Essex, M

Accumulating evidence suggests that the matrix (MA) protein of retroviruses plays a key role in virus assembly by directing the intracellular transport and membrane association of the Gag...

Open reading frame vpr of simian immunodeficiency virus encodes a virion-associated protein.

Yu, X F, Matsuda, M, Essex, M, Lee, T H

The genomes of simian immunodeficiency viruses isolated from rhesus macaques (SIVmac) contain an open reading frame (ORF), vpr, which has a coding potential of 97 to 101 amino acid residues. In this...

Hepatitis B virus transactivator X protein is not tumorigenic in transgenic mice.

Lee, T H, Finegold, M J, Shen, R F, DeMayo, J L, Woo, S L, Butel, J S

The hepatitis B virus X protein acts as a transcriptional transactivator in vitro. To elucidate possible biological effects of X protein on liver cells in vivo, we generated four lines of transgenic...

Localization of immunogenic domains in the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 envelope.

Huang, M L, Essex, M, Lee, T H

Highly immunogenic domains have not yet been defined in the extracellular protein of the human immunodefiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) envelope. In this study, six contiguous segments covering the entire...

The vpx gene of simian immunodeficiency virus facilitates efficient viral replication in fresh lymphocytes and macrophage.

Yu, X F, Yu, Q C, Essex, M, Lee, T H

vpx is a unique open reading frame found in simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) but not in HIV-1. It encodes a 12- to 16-kDa virion-associated protein....

Role of conserved gp41 cysteine residues in the processing of human immunodeficiency virus envelope precursor and viral infectivity.

Syu, W J, Lee, W R, Du, B, Yu, Q C, Essex, M, Lee, T H

All animal retroviruses whose nucleotide sequences have been determined contain two or three closely spaced cysteine residues in the extracellular domain of the env-encoded transmembrane protein....

Generation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to the putative CD4-binding domain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120.

Sun, N C, Ho, D D, Sun, C R, Liou, R S, Gordon, W, Fung, M S, ...

A panel of seven monoclonal antibodies against the relatively conserved CD4-binding domain on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp120 was generated by immunizing mice with purified gp120....

Antibody reactivity to different regions of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 gp61 in infected people.

Chen, Y M, Lee, T H, Samuel, K P, Okayama, A, Tachibana, N, Miyoshi, I, ...

The primary protein product of the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) env gene, gp61, is cleaved to produce both the exterior (gp46) and the transmembrane (gp21) portions of the HTLV-1...

Detection of early antibodies in human immunodeficiency virus infection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blot, and radioimmunoprecipitation.

Saah, A J, Farzadegan, H, Fox, R, Nishanian, P, Rinaldo, C R, Phair, J P, ...

A current concept of the serological response to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in humans is that antibodies to core antigens (p55, p24, and p15) are detectable earlier during initial...

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 has an additional coding sequence in the central region of the genome.

Matsuda, Z, Chou, M J, Matsuda, M, Huang, J H, Chen, Y M, Redfield, R, ...

Eight coding regions designated gag, pol, env, sor, R, tat, art/trs, and 3' orf have been identified in the genome of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Several other open reading...

The C terminus of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 matrix protein is involved in early steps of the virus life cycle.

Yu, X, Yu, Q C, Lee, T H, Essex, M

Deletion mutations at the C terminus of the matrix (MA) protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were generated by site-directed mutagenesis. The resultant mutant viruses had a severe...

Inhibition of cdc2 activation by INH/PP2A.

Lee, T H, Turck, C, Kirschner, M W

INH, a type 2A protein phosphatase (PP2A), negatively regulates entry into M phase and the cyclin B-dependent activation of cdc2 in Xenopus extracts. INH appears to be central to the mechanism of the...

Identification and characterization of a monocyte-derived neutrophil-activating factor in corticosteroid-resistant bronchial asthma.

Wilkinson, J R, Crea, A E, Clark, T J, Lee, T H

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated from seven normal subjects, eight asthmatic subjects clinically sensitive to corticosteroids (CS), and eight asthmatic subjects clinically...

Muscle capillary basement membrane width in patients with vacor-induced diabetes mellitus.

Feingold, K R, Lee, T H, Chung, M Y, Siperstein, M D

Muscle capillary basement membrane width is a sensitive marker for the presence of diabetic microangiopathy. Studies have indicated that genetic factors and alterations in glucose metabolism...

Human T-cell leukemia virus-associated membrane antigens: identity of the major antigens recognized after virus infection.

Lee, T H, Coligan, J E, Homma, T, McLane, M F, Tachibana, N, Essex, M

Specific antibodies to cell membrane antigens found on human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV)-infected cells have been detected in Japanese patients with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and in...

Covalent structure of human haptoglobin: a serine protease homolog.

Kurosky, A, Barnett, D R, Lee, T H, Touchstone, B, Hay, R E, Arnott, M S, ...

The complete amino acid sequences and the disulfide arrangements of the two chains of human haptoglobin 1-1 were established. The alpha 1 and beta chains of haptoglobin contain 83 and 245 residues,...

Isolation and characterization of eight tumor necrosis factor-induced gene sequences from human fibroblasts.

Lee, T H, Lee, G W, Ziff, E B, Vilcek, J

A lambda cDNA library was prepared from polyadenylated RNA isolated from quiescent human diploid FS-4 fibroblasts stimulated with tumor necrosis factor for 3 h. Differential screening was used to...

Identification and partial characterization of an exercise-induced neutrophil chemotactic factor in bronchial asthma.

Lee, T H, Nagy, L, Nagakura, T, Walport, M J, Kay, A B

A heat-stable neutrophil chemotactic factor (NCF) has been identified in the serum of 13 atopic asthmatic subjects after treadmill exercise. Peak activity was detected at 10 min and returned to...

Chemical alteration of carotene biosynthesis in Phycomyces blakesleeanus and mutants.

Lee, T C, Rodriguez, D B, Karasawa, I, Lee, T H, Simpson, K L, Chichester, C O

The effects of diphenylamine, dimethyl sulfoxide, streptomycin, AMO-1618, and beta-ionone on the carotene composition of a wild-type and three mutant strains of Phycomyces blakesleeanus have been...

Leukotriene E4-induced airway hyperresponsiveness of guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle to histamine and evidence for three separate sulfidopeptide leukotriene receptors.

Lee, T H, Austen, K F, Corey, E J, Drazen, J M

Bronchial hyperresponsiveness to contractile agonists and nonspecific irritants is a characteristic feature of bronchial asthma. The mechanisms causing this hyperirritability are unknown. The...

Serological cross-reactivity between envelope gene products of type I and type II human T-cell leukemia virus.

Lee, T H, Coligan, J E, McLane, M F, Sodroski, J G, Popovic, M, Wong-Staal, F, ...

People exposed to type I human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-I) develop antibodies to an antigen at the surface of virus-infected cells, designated human T-cell leukemia virus membrane antigen...

Changes in immunoferritin labeling of Rickettsia tsutsugamushi after serial cultivation in 60Co-irradiated BHK cells.

Rikihisa, Y, Rota, T, Lee, T H, MacDonald, A B, Ito, S

The immunolabeling characteristics of Rickettsia tsutsugamushi (Gilliam strain) were examined by using a purified immunoglobulin G fraction of antibody to R. tsutsugamushi raised in rabbits....

Effects of exogenous arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acids on the generation of 5-lipoxygenase pathway products by ionophore-activated human neutrophils.

Lee, T H, Mencia-Huerta, J M, Shih, C, Corey, E J, Lewis, R A, Austen, K F

Exogenous eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DCHA) have been compared with exogenous arachidonic acid for their capacity to modulate the oxidative metabolism of membrane-derived...

Isolation and partial characterization of a human alveolar macrophage-derived neutrophil-activating factor.

Pennington, J E, Rossing, T H, Boerth, L W, Lee, T H

Human alveolar macrophages (AM) were obtained from eight normal volunteers using fiberoptic bronchoscopic lavage to explore potential interrelationships among leukocytes in pulmonary defense against...

Corticosteroid-resistant bronchial asthma is associated with increased c-fos expression in monocytes and T lymphocytes.

Lane, S J, Adcock, I M, Richards, D, Hawrylowicz, C, Barnes, P J, Lee, T H

Unstimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from corticosteroid-resistant (CR) but not corticosteroid-sensitive (CS) asthmatics demonstrate increased activating peptide-1 (AP-1)- and...

The impact of membership in a health maintenance organization on hospital admission rates for acute chest pain.

Pearson, S D, Lee, T H, Lindsey, E, Hawkins, T, Cook, E F, Goldman, L

OBJECTIVE. We evaluate the impact of membership in a staff-model health maintenance organization (HMO) on hospital admission rates for patients presenting to an emergency department with acute chest...

The interaction of bioactive peptides with an immobilized phosphatidylcholine monolayer.

Mozsolits, H, Lee, T H, Wirth, H J, Perlmutter, P, Aguilar, M I

The interaction of three bioactive peptides, bombesin, beta-endorphin, and glucagon with a phosphatidylcholine monolayer that was immobilized to porous silica particles and packed into a stainless...

NF-IL6 and AP-1 cooperatively modulate the activation of the TSG-6 gene by tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1.

Klampfer, L, Lee, T H, Hsu, W, Vilcek, J, Chen-Kiang, S

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) activate transcription of the TSG-6 gene in normal human fibroblasts through a promoter region (-165 to -58) that encompasses an AP-1...

Necrobacillosis: a forgotten disease.

Moore-Gillon, J, Lee, T H, Eykyn, S J, Phillips, I

Over four years five previously healthy young adults developed necrobacillosis , a severe septicaemic illness caused by Fusobacterium necrophorum. The infections were characterised by sore throat...

Pattern of gp120 sequence divergence linked to a lack of clinical progression in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.

Wang, W K, Essex, M, McLane, M F, Mayer, K H, Hsieh, C C, Brumblay, H G, ...

Differential rates of AIDS development and/or T4 lymphocyte depletion in HIV-1-infected individuals remain unexplained. The hypothesis that qualitative differences in selection pressure in vivo may...

An inhibitor of p34cdc2/cyclin B that regulates the G2/M transition in Xenopus extracts.

Lee, T H, Kirschner, M W

The activity of maturation-promoting factor (MPF), a protein kinase complex composed of p34cdc2 and cyclin B, is undetectable during interphase but rises abruptly at the G2/M transition to induce...

A regulatory element in the promoter of the human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene that has related sequences in other T-cell-expressed cytokine genes.

Staynov, D Z, Cousins, D J, Lee, T H

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a cytokine with a broad spectrum of cell-differentiating and colony-stimulating activities. It is expressed by several undifferentiated...

Killing of primary CD4+ T cells by non-syncytium-inducing macrophage-tropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

Yu, X, McLane, M F, Ratner, L, O'Brien, W, Collman, R, Essex, M, ...

Understanding the mechanism by which human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) kills CD4+ T lymphocytes is important to the development of therapeutic and prophylactic strategies. Recent studies...

A virion-specific inhibitory molecule with therapeutic potential for human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

Matsuda, Z, Yu, X, Yu, Q C, Lee, T H, Essex, M

A potential new approach for gene therapy against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is the design of a nonstructural gene-based virion-specific inhibitory molecule that is...

Nonrandom distribution of gp120 N-linked glycosylation sites important for infectivity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

Lee, W R, Syu, W J, Du, B, Matsuda, M, Tan, S, Wolf, A, ...

More than 20 consensus N-linked glycosylation sites occur in the gp120 coding sequence of most isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Based on the N-linked glycosylation pattern of a...

Downregulation of interleukin 8 gene expression in human fibroblasts: unique mechanism of transcriptional inhibition by interferon.

Oliveira, I C, Sciavolino, P J, Lee, T H, Vilcek, J

The chemotactic cytokine interleukin 8 (IL-8) is produced upon stimulation by various agents in many cell types, including connective-tissue fibroblasts. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and IL-1 are...

Sexual transmission of human T-cell leukemia virus type I associated with the presence of anti-Tax antibody.

Chen, Y M, Okayama, A, Lee, T H, Tachibana, N, Mueller, N, Essex, M

The tax gene product (Tax protein) of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) is a specific transcriptional activator of the viral long terminal repeat sequence and is essential for the...

The N-terminal region of the human immunodeficiency virus envelope glycoprotein gp120 contains potential binding sites for CD4.

Syu, W J, Huang, J H, Essex, M, Lee, T H

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccines targeted at blocking HIV-CD4 interactions are expected to be less affected by the sequence heterogeneity of HIV than those targeted at variable regions of...

Identification of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtype C Gag-, Tat-, Rev-, and Nef-Specific Elispot-Based Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Responses for AIDS Vaccine Design

Novitsky, V., Rybak, N., McLane, M. F., Gilbert, P., Chigwedere, P., Klein, I., ...

The most severe human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) epidemic is occurring in southern Africa. It is caused by HIV-1 subtype C (HIV-1C). In this study we present the identification and...

Magnitude and Frequency of Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Responses: Identification of Immunodominant Regions of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtype C

Novitsky, V., Cao, H., Rybak, N., Gilbert, P., McLane, M. F., Gaolekwe, S., ...

A systematic analysis of immune responses on a population level is critical for a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vaccine design. Our studies in Botswana on (i) molecular analysis of the...

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtype C Molecular Phylogeny: Consensus Sequence for an AIDS Vaccine Design?

Novitsky, V., Smith, U. R., Gilbert, P., McLane, M. F., Chigwedere, P., Williamson, C., ...

An evolving dominance of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype C (HIV-1C) in the AIDS epidemic has been associated with a high prevalence of HIV-1C infection in the southern African countries...

Association between Virus-Specific T-Cell Responses and Plasma Viral Load in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtype C Infection

Novitsky, V., Gilbert, P., Peter, T., McLane, M. F., Gaolekwe, S., Rybak, N., ...

Virus-specific T-cell immune responses are important in restraint of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication and control of disease. Plasma viral load is a key determinant of disease...

The Wilms' tumor suppressor gene (wt1) product represses different functional classes of transcriptional activation domains.

Lee, T H, Moffett, P, Pelletier, J

We have studied the ability of the wt1 tumor suppressor gene product to repress different classes of activation domains previously shown to stimulate the initiation and elongation steps of RNA...

The highly conserved aspartic acid residue between hypervariable regions 1 and 2 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 is important for early stages of virus replication.

Wang, W K, Essex, M, Lee, T H

Between hypervariable regions V1 and V2 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp120 lies a cluster of relatively conserved residues. The contribution of nine charged residues in this region...

Hepatitis B virus X protein interacts with a probable cellular DNA repair protein.

Lee, T H, Elledge, S J, Butel, J S

The mechanism of action of hepatitis B virus (HBV) X protein in transcriptional transactivation and in tumorigenesis remains obscure. We have used the yeast two-hybrid system to identify a cellular...

Single amino acid substitution in constant region 1 or 4 of gp120 causes the phenotype of a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variant with mutations in hypervariable regions 1 and 2 to revert.

Wang, W K, Essex, M, Lee, T H

The second major cysteine loop of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycoprotein gp120 contains 5 to 11 consensus N-linked glycosylation sites, which is disproportionately higher than the...

Interaction of the UV-damaged DNA-binding protein with hepatitis B virus X protein is conserved among mammalian hepadnaviruses and restricted to transactivation-proficient X-insertion mutants.

Sitterlin, D, Lee, T H, Prigent, S, Tiollais, P, Butel, J S, Transy, C

We carried out a comparative analysis of several proposed host protein partners of the human hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) using both the GAL4- and the LexA-based yeast two-hybrid system. We...

Mutations in the cytoplasmic domain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmembrane protein impair the incorporation of Env proteins into mature virions.

Yu, X, Yuan, X, McLane, M F, Lee, T H, Essex, M

In-frame stop codons were introduced into the coding region of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmembrane protein (gp41). Truncation of 147 amino acids from the carboxyl terminus of...

Mutational analysis of the leucine zipper-like motif of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope transmembrane glycoprotein.

Chen, S S, Lee, C N, Lee, W R, McIntosh, K, Lee, T H

The N-terminal region of the envelope (env) transmembrane protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) has a leucine zipper-like motif. This highly conserved zipper motif, which consists of...

Vpx of simian immunodeficiency virus is localized primarily outside the virus core in mature virions.

Yu, X, Matsuda, Z, Yu, Q C, Lee, T H, Essex, M

Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 and the related simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) contain a unique regulatory gene, vpx. The Vpx protein is packaged in mature virions and is required for...

Mutations in the N-terminal region of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 matrix protein block intracellular transport of the Gag precursor.

Yuan, X, Yu, X, Lee, T H, Essex, M

The matrix domain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag polyprotein was studied for its role in virus assembly. Deletion and substitution mutations caused a dramatic reduction in virus...

Molecular mimicry between the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 V3 loop and human brain proteins.

Trujillo, J R, McLane, M F, Lee, T H, Essex, M

Immunologically cross-reactive proteins in the human brain that resemble the V3 loop of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp120 have been identified. When several homogenized tissues from...

Growth and Metabolism of Lactic Acid Bacteria during and after Malolactic Fermentation of Wines at Different pH

Davis, C. R., Wibowo, D. J., Lee, T. H., Fleet, G. H.

Commercially produced red wines were adjusted to pH 3.0, 3.2, 3.5, 3.7, or 4.0 and examined during and after malolactic fermentation for growth of lactic acid bacteria and changes in the...

Mutational analysis of conserved N-linked glycosylation sites of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp41.

Lee, W R, Yu, X F, Syu, W J, Essex, M, Lee, T H

Amino acid substitutions were introduced into four conserved N-linked glycosylation sites of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope transmembrane glycoprotein, gp41, to alter the canonical...

The matrix protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 is required for incorporation of viral envelope protein into mature virions.

Yu, X, Yuan, X, Matsuda, Z, Lee, T H, Essex, M

Accumulating evidence suggests that the matrix (MA) protein of retroviruses plays a key role in virus assembly by directing the intracellular transport and membrane association of the Gag...

Open reading frame vpr of simian immunodeficiency virus encodes a virion-associated protein.

Yu, X F, Matsuda, M, Essex, M, Lee, T H

The genomes of simian immunodeficiency viruses isolated from rhesus macaques (SIVmac) contain an open reading frame (ORF), vpr, which has a coding potential of 97 to 101 amino acid residues. In this...

Hepatitis B virus transactivator X protein is not tumorigenic in transgenic mice.

Lee, T H, Finegold, M J, Shen, R F, DeMayo, J L, Woo, S L, Butel, J S

The hepatitis B virus X protein acts as a transcriptional transactivator in vitro. To elucidate possible biological effects of X protein on liver cells in vivo, we generated four lines of transgenic...

Localization of immunogenic domains in the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 envelope.

Huang, M L, Essex, M, Lee, T H

Highly immunogenic domains have not yet been defined in the extracellular protein of the human immunodefiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) envelope. In this study, six contiguous segments covering the entire...

The vpx gene of simian immunodeficiency virus facilitates efficient viral replication in fresh lymphocytes and macrophage.

Yu, X F, Yu, Q C, Essex, M, Lee, T H

vpx is a unique open reading frame found in simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) and human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) but not in HIV-1. It encodes a 12- to 16-kDa virion-associated protein....

Role of conserved gp41 cysteine residues in the processing of human immunodeficiency virus envelope precursor and viral infectivity.

Syu, W J, Lee, W R, Du, B, Yu, Q C, Essex, M, Lee, T H

All animal retroviruses whose nucleotide sequences have been determined contain two or three closely spaced cysteine residues in the extracellular domain of the env-encoded transmembrane protein....

Generation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to the putative CD4-binding domain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120.

Sun, N C, Ho, D D, Sun, C R, Liou, R S, Gordon, W, Fung, M S, ...

A panel of seven monoclonal antibodies against the relatively conserved CD4-binding domain on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp120 was generated by immunizing mice with purified gp120....

Antibody reactivity to different regions of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 gp61 in infected people.

Chen, Y M, Lee, T H, Samuel, K P, Okayama, A, Tachibana, N, Miyoshi, I, ...

The primary protein product of the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) env gene, gp61, is cleaved to produce both the exterior (gp46) and the transmembrane (gp21) portions of the HTLV-1...

Detection of early antibodies in human immunodeficiency virus infection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blot, and radioimmunoprecipitation.

Saah, A J, Farzadegan, H, Fox, R, Nishanian, P, Rinaldo, C R, Phair, J P, ...

A current concept of the serological response to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in humans is that antibodies to core antigens (p55, p24, and p15) are detectable earlier during initial...

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 has an additional coding sequence in the central region of the genome.

Matsuda, Z, Chou, M J, Matsuda, M, Huang, J H, Chen, Y M, Redfield, R, ...

Eight coding regions designated gag, pol, env, sor, R, tat, art/trs, and 3' orf have been identified in the genome of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Several other open reading...

The C terminus of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 matrix protein is involved in early steps of the virus life cycle.

Yu, X, Yu, Q C, Lee, T H, Essex, M

Deletion mutations at the C terminus of the matrix (MA) protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) were generated by site-directed mutagenesis. The resultant mutant viruses had a severe...

Inhibition of cdc2 activation by INH/PP2A.

Lee, T H, Turck, C, Kirschner, M W

INH, a type 2A protein phosphatase (PP2A), negatively regulates entry into M phase and the cyclin B-dependent activation of cdc2 in Xenopus extracts. INH appears to be central to the mechanism of the...

Identification and characterization of a monocyte-derived neutrophil-activating factor in corticosteroid-resistant bronchial asthma.

Wilkinson, J R, Crea, A E, Clark, T J, Lee, T H

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated from seven normal subjects, eight asthmatic subjects clinically sensitive to corticosteroids (CS), and eight asthmatic subjects clinically...

Muscle capillary basement membrane width in patients with vacor-induced diabetes mellitus.

Feingold, K R, Lee, T H, Chung, M Y, Siperstein, M D

Muscle capillary basement membrane width is a sensitive marker for the presence of diabetic microangiopathy. Studies have indicated that genetic factors and alterations in glucose metabolism...

Human T-cell leukemia virus-associated membrane antigens: identity of the major antigens recognized after virus infection.

Lee, T H, Coligan, J E, Homma, T, McLane, M F, Tachibana, N, Essex, M

Specific antibodies to cell membrane antigens found on human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV)-infected cells have been detected in Japanese patients with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and in...

Covalent structure of human haptoglobin: a serine protease homolog.

Kurosky, A, Barnett, D R, Lee, T H, Touchstone, B, Hay, R E, Arnott, M S, ...

The complete amino acid sequences and the disulfide arrangements of the two chains of human haptoglobin 1-1 were established. The alpha 1 and beta chains of haptoglobin contain 83 and 245 residues,...

NF-IL6 and AP-1 cooperatively modulate the activation of the TSG-6 gene by tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1.

Klampfer, L, Lee, T H, Hsu, W, Vilcek, J, Chen-Kiang, S

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) activate transcription of the TSG-6 gene in normal human fibroblasts through a promoter region (-165 to -58) that encompasses an AP-1...

Isolation and characterization of eight tumor necrosis factor-induced gene sequences from human fibroblasts.

Lee, T H, Lee, G W, Ziff, E B, Vilcek, J

A lambda cDNA library was prepared from polyadenylated RNA isolated from quiescent human diploid FS-4 fibroblasts stimulated with tumor necrosis factor for 3 h. Differential screening was used to...

Identification and partial characterization of an exercise-induced neutrophil chemotactic factor in bronchial asthma.

Lee, T H, Nagy, L, Nagakura, T, Walport, M J, Kay, A B

A heat-stable neutrophil chemotactic factor (NCF) has been identified in the serum of 13 atopic asthmatic subjects after treadmill exercise. Peak activity was detected at 10 min and returned to...

Chemical alteration of carotene biosynthesis in Phycomyces blakesleeanus and mutants.

Lee, T C, Rodriguez, D B, Karasawa, I, Lee, T H, Simpson, K L, Chichester, C O

The effects of diphenylamine, dimethyl sulfoxide, streptomycin, AMO-1618, and beta-ionone on the carotene composition of a wild-type and three mutant strains of Phycomyces blakesleeanus have been...

Leukotriene E4-induced airway hyperresponsiveness of guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle to histamine and evidence for three separate sulfidopeptide leukotriene receptors.

Lee, T H, Austen, K F, Corey, E J, Drazen, J M

Bronchial hyperresponsiveness to contractile agonists and nonspecific irritants is a characteristic feature of bronchial asthma. The mechanisms causing this hyperirritability are unknown. The...

Serological cross-reactivity between envelope gene products of type I and type II human T-cell leukemia virus.

Lee, T H, Coligan, J E, McLane, M F, Sodroski, J G, Popovic, M, Wong-Staal, F, ...

People exposed to type I human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-I) develop antibodies to an antigen at the surface of virus-infected cells, designated human T-cell leukemia virus membrane antigen...

Changes in immunoferritin labeling of Rickettsia tsutsugamushi after serial cultivation in 60Co-irradiated BHK cells.

Rikihisa, Y, Rota, T, Lee, T H, MacDonald, A B, Ito, S

The immunolabeling characteristics of Rickettsia tsutsugamushi (Gilliam strain) were examined by using a purified immunoglobulin G fraction of antibody to R. tsutsugamushi raised in rabbits....

Effects of exogenous arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acids on the generation of 5-lipoxygenase pathway products by ionophore-activated human neutrophils.

Lee, T H, Mencia-Huerta, J M, Shih, C, Corey, E J, Lewis, R A, Austen, K F

Exogenous eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DCHA) have been compared with exogenous arachidonic acid for their capacity to modulate the oxidative metabolism of membrane-derived...

Isolation and partial characterization of a human alveolar macrophage-derived neutrophil-activating factor.

Pennington, J E, Rossing, T H, Boerth, L W, Lee, T H

Human alveolar macrophages (AM) were obtained from eight normal volunteers using fiberoptic bronchoscopic lavage to explore potential interrelationships among leukocytes in pulmonary defense against...

Corticosteroid-resistant bronchial asthma is associated with increased c-fos expression in monocytes and T lymphocytes.

Lane, S J, Adcock, I M, Richards, D, Hawrylowicz, C, Barnes, P J, Lee, T H

Unstimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from corticosteroid-resistant (CR) but not corticosteroid-sensitive (CS) asthmatics demonstrate increased activating peptide-1 (AP-1)- and...

The impact of membership in a health maintenance organization on hospital admission rates for acute chest pain.

Pearson, S D, Lee, T H, Lindsey, E, Hawkins, T, Cook, E F, Goldman, L

OBJECTIVE. We evaluate the impact of membership in a staff-model health maintenance organization (HMO) on hospital admission rates for patients presenting to an emergency department with acute chest...

The interaction of bioactive peptides with an immobilized phosphatidylcholine monolayer.

Mozsolits, H, Lee, T H, Wirth, H J, Perlmutter, P, Aguilar, M I

The interaction of three bioactive peptides, bombesin, beta-endorphin, and glucagon with a phosphatidylcholine monolayer that was immobilized to porous silica particles and packed into a stainless...

Necrobacillosis: a forgotten disease.

Moore-Gillon, J, Lee, T H, Eykyn, S J, Phillips, I

Over four years five previously healthy young adults developed necrobacillosis , a severe septicaemic illness caused by Fusobacterium necrophorum. The infections were characterised by sore throat...

GM-CSF increases the ability of cultured macrophages to support autologous CD4+ T-cell proliferation in response to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and PPD antigen.

Caulfield, J J, Hawrylowicz, C M, Kemeny, D M, Lee, T H

Previous studies have demonstrated an infiltration of monocytes and increased levels of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in the asthmatic lung. To study the possible effects...

Immune memory in CD4+ CD45RA+ T cells.

Richards, D, Chapman, M D, Sasama, J, Lee, T H, Kemeny, D M

This study addresses the question of whether human peripheral CD4+ CD45RA+ T cells possess antigen-specific immune memory. CD4+ CD45RA+ T cells were isolated by a combination of positive and negative...

IgE production, antigen-induced airway inflammation and airway hyperreactivity in the brown Norway rat: the effects of ricin.

Underwood, S L, Kemeny, D M, Lee, T H, Raeburn, D, Karlsson, J A

Ricin has been shown to enhance IgE production in the rat, probably through inhibition of suppressor T lymphocytes. We have studied further the effects of ricin on IgE titre and have determined its...

Glucocorticoids inhibit granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-1 and interleukin-5 enhanced in vitro survival of human eosinophils.

Hallsworth, M P, Litchfield, T M, Lee, T H

The effects of three corticosteroids, hydrocortisone, dexamethasone and methylprednisolone, on eosinophil survival enhanced by recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor...

Expression of interleukin-5 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells after activation with phorbol myristate acetate.

Staynov, D Z, Lee, T H

The expression of interleukin-5 (IL-5) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was studied in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from atopic and non-atopic subjects after...

T cells and neutrophils exhibit differential adhesion to cytokine-stimulated endothelial cells.

Thornhill, M H, Kyan-Aung, U, Lee, T H, Haskard, D O

In vitro adhesion assays were used to directly compare the adhesion of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) and T cells to endothelial cells (EC). PMN exhibited lower binding to unstimulated EC than T...

Ricin enhances IgE responses by inhibiting a subpopulation of early-activated IgE regulatory CD8+ T cells.

Diaz-Sanchez, D, Lee, T H, Kemeny, D M

Ricin, a toxic lectin from castor beans greatly enhances IgE responses to bee venom phospholipase A2 (PLA2) in high and low IgE responder strains of rat. The increase in IgE is accompanied by a 60%...

Elimination of IgE regulatory rat CD8+ T cells in vivo differentially modulates interleukin-4 and interferon-gamma but not interleukin-2 production by splenic T cells.

Diaz-Sanchez, D, Noble, A, Staynov, D Z, Lee, T H, Kemeny, D M

Intraperitoneal immunization of Hooded Lister rats with a soluble antigen such as bee venom phospholipase A2 (PLA2), or ovalbumin (OVA) together with the toxic lectin, ricin, eliminates a population...

Elimination of IgE regulatory rat CD8+ T cells in vivo increases the co-ordinate expression of Th2 cytokines IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10.

Noble, A, Staynov, D Z, Diaz-Sanchez, D, Lee, T H, Kemeny, D M

Immunization of rats with soluble antigen (ovalbumin) and the castor bean toxin, ricin, eliminates a subpopulation of CD8+ T cells which suppress IgE responses in vivo. This treatment also reduces...

Complement receptor enhancement and chemotaxis of human neutrophils and eosinophils by leukotrienes and other lipoxygenase products.

Nagy, L, Lee, T H, Goetzl, E J, Pickett, W C, Kay, A B

The lipoxygenase products of arachidonic acid, 5-HPETE, 5-HETE, LTB4, LTC4 and LTD4, were examined for their capacity to enhance the expression of complement (C3b) receptors and to evoke chemotaxis...

The effect of R 15.7/HO, an anti-CD18 antibody, on the late airway response and airway hyperresponsiveness in an allergic rabbit model

El-Hashim, A Z, Jacques, C A, Herd, C M, Lee, T H, Page, C P

The effects of a mouse (IgG1 fraction) anti-CD 18 neutralizing antibody (R15.7) on allergen-induced late airway response (LAR), airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and cellular recruitment were...

Mechanisms of leukotriene D4-induced constriction in human small bronchioles

Snetkov, V A, Hapgood, K J, McVicker, C G, Lee, T H, Ward, J P T

We examined the mechanisms underlying leukotriene D4- (LTD4) induced constriction of human small (300 – 500 μm i.d.) bronchioles, and the effect of LTD4 on ion currents and Ca2+ transients...

The contractile activities of lipoxin A4 and lipoxin B4 for guinea-pig airway tissues.

Jacques, C. A., Spur, B. W., Crea, A. E., Lee, T. H.

1. The isometric contractile activities of lipoxin A4 (LxA4) and lipoxin B4 (LxB4) were evaluated on guinea-pig lung tissue over the concentration range, 10(-8) to 10(-5) M. 2. LxA4 contracted...

The effect of epithelium removal on leukotriene E4-induced histamine hyperresponsiveness in guinea-pig tracheal smooth muscle.

Jacques, C. A., Spur, B. W., Johnson, M., Lee, T. H.

1. Removal of the epithelium resulted in a threefold increase in guinea-pig tracheal sensitivity to histamine without increasing the maximal response. 2. Preincubation of epithelially-denuded...

The mechanism of LTE4-induced histamine hyperresponsiveness in guinea-pig tracheal and human bronchial smooth muscle, in vitro.

Jacques, C. A., Spur, B. W., Johnson, M., Lee, T. H.

1. Preincubation of guinea-pig tracheal smooth muscle with leukotriene E4 (LTE4) in vitro increased its subsequent responsiveness to histamine. 2. LTE4 pretreatment of guinea-pig tracheal strips did...

Cyclic AMP-elevating agents prolong or inhibit eosinophil survival depending on prior exposure to GM-CSF.

Hallsworth, M. P., Giembycz, M. A., Barnes, P. J., Lee, T. H.

1. Purified human eosinophils survived for up to 7 days when cultured in vitro in the presence of 1 ng ml-1 granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) with a viability of 73%. In the...

Stimulation of protein kinase C redistribution and inhibition of leukotriene B4-induced inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate generation in human neutrophils by lipoxin A4.

Soyombo, O., Spur, B. W., Lee, T. H.

1. To test the hypothesis that protein kinase C (PKC) is involved in the inhibitory actions of lipoxin A4 (LXA4) on second messenger generation, we studied the effects of LXA4 on PKC in human...

Role of histamine release in hypertonic saline induced bronchoconstriction.

O'Hickey, S P, Belcher, N G, Rees, P J, Lee, T H

In a study designed to determine the protective effect of the specific histamine H1 antagonist terfenadine on hypertonic saline induced bronchoconstriction, 10 asthmatic subjects underwent hypertonic...

Effect of endobronchial aspirin challenge on inflammatory cells in bronchial biopsy samples from aspirin-sensitive asthmatic subjects.

Nasser, S., Christie, P. E., Pfister, R., Sousa, A. R., Walls, A., Schmitz-Schumann, M., ...

BACKGROUND: The aspirin-induced bronchoconstriction in patients with aspirin-sensitive asthma is caused by cysteinyl leukotriene release. The cellular source of the leukotrienes is unknown. The...

Effect of the 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor ZD2138 on allergen-induced early and late asthmatic responses.

Nasser, S M, Bell, G S, Hawksworth, R J, Spruce, K E, MacMillan, R, Williams, A J, ...

BACKGROUND--Leukotrienes are lipid mediators generated from arachidonic acid by the 5-lipoxygenase pathway which may play an important part in the pathophysiology of asthma. Previous studies have...

Effect of the 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor ZD2138 on aspirin-induced asthma.

Nasser, S M, Bell, G S, Foster, S, Spruce, K E, MacMillan, R, Williams, A J, ...

BACKGROUND--The cysteinyl leukotrienes may play a central part in the mechanisms of aspirin-sensitive asthma. Previous work has shown that individuals with aspirin-sensitive asthma have high basal...

Effect of dietary supplementation with fish oil lipids on mild asthma.

Arm, J P, Horton, C E, Mencia-Huerta, J M, House, F, Eiser, N M, Clark, T J, ...

Recruitment of inflammatory leucocytes to the airways may play a part in the pathogenesis of asthma. As dietary enrichment with fish oil lipids can suppress leucocyte function, the effect of these...

Enhanced expression of cyclo-oxygenase isoenzyme 2 (COX-2) in asthmatic airways and its cellular distribution in aspirin-sensitive asthma

Sousa, A., Pfister, R., Christie, P. E., Lane, S. J., Nasser, S. M., Schmitz-Schumann, M., ...

BACKGROUND: There are two isoforms of cyclo-oxygenase (COX), namely COX- 1 and COX-2. COX-1 is constitutively expressed in most tissues and in blood platelets. The metabolites derived from COX-1 are...

Effect of inhaled glucocorticoids on IL-1 beta and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1 ra) expression in asthmatic bronchial epithelium

Sousa, A. R., Trigg, C. J., Lane, S. J., Hawksworth, R., Nakhosteen, J. A., Poston, R. N., ...

BACKGROUND: Accumulating evidence suggests that the cytokine network is central to the immunopathology of bronchial asthma and the existence of naturally occurring cytokine antagonists has added to...

Regulation of major histocompatibility complex class II antigens on human alveolar macrophages by granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor in the presence of glucocorticoids

Caulfield, J J, Fernandez, M H, Sousa, A R, Lane, S J, Lee, T H, Hawrylowicz, C M

Alveolar macrophages (AM) present antigen poorly to CD4+ T cells and respond weakly to interferon-γ (IFN-γ) for up-regulation of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II and costimulatory...

DNase I footprinting of the human interleukin‐5 gene promoter

Cousins, D J, Richards, D, Kemeny, D M, Romagnani, S, Lee, T H, Staynov, D Z

A characteristic feature of allergic asthma is the overexpression of the T helper type 2 (Th2) cytokines interleukin‐4 (IL‐4), IL‐5 and IL‐13 by T lymphocytes. Of these cytokines, IL‐5 is...