Carlson, Bradley A, Yoo, Min-Hyuk, Sano, Yasuyo, Sengupta, Aniruddha, Kim, Jin, Irons, Robert, ...
Abstract Background Selenium, a micronutrient whose deficiency in diet causes immune dysfunction and inflammatory disorders, is thought to exert its physiological effects mostly in the form of...
Fomenko, Dmitri E., Novoselov, Sergey V., Natarajan, Sathish Kumar, Lee, Byung Cheon, Koc, Ahmet, Carlson, Bradley A., ...
Protein oxidation has been linked to accelerated aging and is a contributing factor to many diseases. Methionine residues are particularly susceptible to oxidation, but the resulting mixture of...
Comparative genomic analyses of nickel, cobalt and vitamin B12 utilization (2009)
Zhang, Yan, Rodionov, Dmitry A, Gelfand, Mikhail S, Gladyshev, Vadim N
Abstract Background Nickel (Ni) and cobalt (Co) are trace elements required for a variety of biological processes. Ni is directly coordinated by proteins, whereas Co is mainly used as a component of...
Hatfield, Dolph, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
The Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT) was one of the largest human cancer prevention trials ever undertaken. Designed to examine the role of selenium and vitamin E in preventing...
Genetic Code Supports Targeted Insertion of Two Amino Acids by One Codon (2009)
Turanov, Anton, Lobanov, Alexei, Fomenko, Dmitri E., Morrison, Hilary, Sogin, Mitchell, Klobutcher, Lawrence, ...
Strict one-to-one correspondence between codons and amino acids is thought to be an essential feature of the genetic code. However, we report that one codon can code for two different amino acids...
Young, Hwa, Zhang, Yan, Cheon Lee, Byung, Kim, Jae-Ryong, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Selenocysteine (Sec) is incorporated into proteins in response to UGA codons. This residue is frequently found at the catalytic sites of oxidoreductases. In this study, we characterized the...
X-ray Fluorescence Microscopy Reveals the Role of Selenium in Spermatogenesis (2009)
Kehr, Sebastian, Malinouski, Mikalai I., Finney, Lydia, Vogt, Stefan, Labunskyy, Vyacheslav M., Kasaikina, Marina V., ...
Selenium (Se) is a trace element with important roles in human health. Several selenoproteins have essential functions in development. However, the cellular and tissue distribution of Se remains...
Comparative Genomic Analyses of Nickel, Cobalt and Vitamin B12 Utilization (2009)
Zhang, Yan, Rodionov, Dmitry, Gelfand, Mikhail, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Background: Nickel (Ni) and cobalt (Co) are trace elements required for a variety of biological processes. Ni is directly coordinated by proteins, whereas Co is mainly used as a component of vitamin...
Eukaryotic Selenoproteins and Selenoproteomes (2009)
Lobanov, Alexey V., Hatfield, Dolph L., Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Selenium is an essential trace element for which both beneficial and toxic effects in human health have been described. It is now clear that the importance of having adequate amounts of this...
Identification of a Novel System for Boron Transport: Atr1 Is a Main Boron Exporter in Yeast (2009)
Kaya, Alaattin, Karakaya, Huseyin C., Fomenko, Dmitri E., Gladyshev, Vadim N., Koc, Ahmet
Boron is a micronutrient in plants and animals, but its specific roles in cellular processes are not known. To understand boron transport and functions, we screened a yeast genomic DNA library for...
Marino, Stefano M., Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Cysteine (Cys) residues often play critical roles in proteins, for example, in the formation of structural disulfide bonds, metal binding, targeting proteins to the membranes, and various catalytic...
Selenoproteins that Function in Cancer Prevention and Promotion (2009)
Hatfield, Dolph L., Yoo, Min-Hyuk, Carlson, Bradley A., Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Of the many health benefits attributed to selenium, the one that has received the most attention is its role in cancer prevention. Selenium-containing proteins (selenoproteins) have been shown in...
Functions and Evolution of Selenoprotein Methionine Sulfoxide Reductases (2009)
Cheon Lee, Byung, Dikiy, Alexander, Kim, Hwa-Young, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Methionine sulfoxide reductases (Msrs) are thiol-dependent enzymes which catalyze conversion of methionine sulfoxide to methionine. Three Msr families, MsrA, MsrB, and fRMsr, are known. MsrA and MsrB...
Overexpression of Methionine-R-Sulfoxide Reductases has No iInfluence on Fruit Fly Aging (2009)
Shchedrina, Valentina A., Vorbrüggen, Gerd, Lee, Byung Cheon, Kim, Hwa-Young, Kabil, Hadise, Harshman, Lawrence G., ...
Methionine sulfoxide reductases (Msrs) are enzymes that repair oxidized methionine residues in proteins. This function implicated Msrs in antiox¬idant defense and the regulation of aging. There are...
Bradley A. Carlson, Min-Hyuk Yoo, Petra A. Tsuji, Vadim N. Gladyshev, Dolph L. Hatfield
Selenium (Se) deficiency has been known for many years to be associated with disease, impaired growth and a variety of other metabolic disorders in mammals. Only recently has the major role that...
Selenoproteins Mediate T Cell Immunity through an Antioxidant Mechanism (2008)
Shrimali, Rajeev K., Irons, Robert D., Carlson, Bradley A., Sano, Yasuyo, Gladyshev, Vadim N., Park, Jin Mo, ...
Selenium is an essential dietary element with antioxidant roles in immune regulation, but there is little understanding of how this element acts at the molecular level in host defense and...
Bonilla, Mariana, Denicola, Ana, Novoselov, Sergey V., Turanov, Anton A., Protasio, Anna, Izmendi, Darwin, ...
Platyhelminth parasites are a major health problem in developing countries. In contrast to their mammalian hosts, platyhelminth thiol-disulfide redox homeostasis relies on linked...
Zhang, Yan, Turanov, Anton A, Hatfield, Dolph L, Gladyshev, Vadim N
Abstract Background Selenium (Se) is a trace element that occurs in proteins in the form of selenocysteine (Sec) and in tRNAs in the form of selenouridine (SeU). Selenophosphate synthetase (SelD) is...
Molybdoproteomes and evolution of molybdenum utilization (2008)
Zhang, Yan, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
The trace element molybdenum (Mo) is utilized in many life forms, where it is a key component of several enzymes involved in nitrogen, sulfur, and carbon metabolism. With the exception of...
A Study in Modeling Low-Conservation Protein (2008)
Chang Wang, Student Member, Stephen D. Scott, Jun Zhang, Qingping Tao, Dmitri E. Fomenko, ...
We present several algorithms for identification of new proteins in superfamilies with low primary sequence conservation. The low conservation of primary sequence in protein superfamilies such as...
Reduced reliance on the trace element selenium during evolution of mammals (2008)
Lobanov, Alexey V, Hatfield, Dolph L, Gladyshev, Vadim N
Abstract Background Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element that occurs in proteins in the form of selenocysteine (Sec). It is transported throughout the body in the form of Sec residues in...
Structure and Catalytic Mechanism of Eukaryotic Selenocysteine Synthase (2008)
Ganichkin, Oleg M., Xu, Xue-Ming, Carlson, Bradley A., Mix, Heiko, Hatfield, Dolph L., Gladyshev, Vadim N., ...
In eukaryotes and Archaea, selenocysteine synthase (SecS) converts O-phospho-L-seryl-tRNA[Ser]Sec into selenocysteyltRNA[Ser]Sec using selenophosphate as the selenium donor compound. The molecular...
Zhang, Yan, Zhou, You, Schweizer, Ulrich, Savaskan, Nicolai E., Hua, Deame, Kipnis, Jonathan, ...
Although dietary selenium (Se) deficiency results in phenotypes associated with selenoprotein depletion in various organs, the brain is protected from Se loss. To address the basis for the critical...
Loss of housekeeping selenoprotein expression in mouse liver modulates lipoprotein metabolism (2008)
Sengupta, Aniruddha, Carlson, Bradley A., Hoffmann, Victoria J., Gladyshev, Vadim N., Hatfield, Dolph L.
Selenium is incorporated into proteins as selenocysteine (Sec), which is dependent on its specific tRNA, designated tRNA [Ser]Sec. Targeted removal of the tRNA [Ser]Sec gene (Trsp) in mouse...
Ridge, Perry, Zhang, Yan, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Copper is an essential trace element in many organisms and is utilized in all domains of life. It is often used as a cofactor of redox proteins, but is also a toxic metal ion. Intracellular copper...
Zhang, Yan, Turanov, Anton, Hatfield, Dolph, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Background: Selenium (Se) is a trace element that occurs in proteins in the form of selenocysteine (Sec) and in tRNAs in the form of selenouridine (SeU). Selenophosphate synthetase (SelD) is required...
Reduced Reliance on the Trace Element Selenium During Evolution of Mammals (2008)
Lobanov, Alexey, Hatfield, Dolph, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Background: Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element that occurs in proteins in the form of selenocysteine (Sec). It is transported throughout the body in the form of Sec residues in Selenoprotein...
Functional Characterization of Alternatively Spliced Human SECISBP2 Transcript Variants (2008)
Papp, Laura V., Wang, Junning, Kennedy, Derek, Boucher, Didier, Zhang, Yan, Gladyshev, Vadim N., ...
Synthesis of selenoproteins depends on decoding of the UGA stop codon as the amino acid selenocysteine (Sec). This process requires the presence of a Sec insertion sequence element (SECIS) in the...
SelenoDB 1.0 : A Database of Selenoprotein Genes, Proteins and SECIS Elements (2008)
Castellano, Sergi, Gladyshev, Vadim N., Guigo, Roderic, Berry, Marla J.
Selenoproteins are a diverse group of proteins usually misidentified and misannotated in sequence databases. The presence of an in-frame UGA (stop) codon in the coding sequence of selenoprotein genes...
Lobanov, Alexey V., Hatfield, Dolph, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Proteins containing the 21st amino acid, selenocysteine (Sec), have been described in all three domains of life, but the composition of selenoproteomes in organisms varies significantly. Here, we...
Zhang, Yan, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Selenium is an important trace element that occurs in proteins in the form of selenocysteine (Sec) and in tRNAs in the form of selenouridine. Recent large-scale metagenomics projects provide an...
A Functional Link between Housekeeping Selenoproteins and Phase II Enzymes (2008)
Sengupta, Aniruddha, Carlson, Bradley A., Weaver, James A., Novoselov, Sergey V., Fomenko, Dmitri E., Gladyshev, Vadim N., ...
Sec (selenocysteine) is biosynthesized on its tRNA and incorporated into selenium-containing proteins (selenoproteins) as the 21st amino acid residue. Selenoprotein synthesis is dependent on Sec tRNA...
Functional characterization of alternatively spliced human SECISBP2 transcript variants (2008)
Papp, Laura V., Wang, Junning, Kennedy, Derek, Boucher, Didier, Zhang, Yan, Gladyshev, Vadim N., ...
Synthesis of selenoproteins depends on decoding of the UGA stop codon as the amino acid selenocysteine (Sec). This process requires the presence of a Sec insertion sequence element (SECIS) in the...
Functional characterization of alternatively spliced human SECISBP2 transcript variants (2008)
Papp, Laura V., Wang, Junning, Kennedy, Derek, Boucher, Didier, Zhang, Yan, Gladyshev, Vadim N., ...
Synthesis of selenoproteins depends on decoding of the UGA stop codon as the amino acid selenocysteine (Sec). This process requires the presence of a Sec insertion sequence element (SECIS) in the...
Functional characterization of alternatively spliced human SECISBP2 transcript variants (2008)
Papp, Laura V., Wang, Junning, Kennedy, Derek, Boucher, Didier, Zhang, Yan, Gladyshev, Vadim N., ...
Synthesis of selenoproteins depends on decoding of the UGA stop codon as the amino acid selenocysteine (Sec). This process requires the presence of a Sec insertion sequence element (SECIS) in the...
SelenoDB 1.0 : a database of selenoprotein genes, proteins and SECIS elements (2008)
Castellano, Sergi, Gladyshev, Vadim N., Guigó, Roderic, Berry, Marla J.
Selenoproteins are a diverse group of proteins usually misidentified and misannotated in sequence databases. The presence of an in-frame UGA (stop) codon in the coding sequence of selenoprotein genes...
Lobanov, Alexey V., Hatfield, Dolph L., Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Proteins containing the 21st amino acid, selenocysteine (Sec), have been described in all three domains of life, but the composition of selenoproteomes in organisms varies significantly. Here, we...
Aachmann, Finn L., Fomenko, Dmitri E., Soragni, Alice, Gladyshev, Vadim N., Dikiy, Alexander
Selenium is a trace element with significant biomedical potential. It is essential in mammals due to its occurrence in several proteins in the form of selenocysteine (Sec). One of the most abundant...
New Techniques for Generation and Analysis of Evolutionary Trees (2007)
Chang Wang, Stephen D. Scott, Qingping Tao, Dmitri E. Fomenko, Vadim N. Gladyshev
We introduce new distance measures for the construction and analysis of phylogenies, focusing on thioredoxin-fold proteins. Our distance measures for tree construction are based on several criteria,...
Lobanov, Alexey V., Fomenko, Dmitri E., Zhang, Yan, Sengupta, Aniruddha, Hatfield, Dolph L., Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Background: Selenocysteine (Sec) is a selenium-containing amino acid that is co-translationally inserted into nascent polypeptides by recoding UGA codons. Selenoproteins occur in both eukaryotes and...
The Chlamydomonas Genome Reveals the Evolution of Key Animal and Plant Functions (2007)
Merchant, Sabeeha S., Prochnik, Simon E., Vallon, Olivier, Harris, Elizabeth H., Karpowicz, Steven J., Witman, George B., ...
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a unicellular green alga whose lineage diverged from land plants over 1 billion years ago. It is a model system for studying chloroplast-based photosynthesis, as well as...
Xu, Xue-Ming, Carlson, Bradley A., Zhang, Yan, Mix, Heiko, Kryukov, Gregory V., Glass, Richard S., ...
We used comparative genomics and experimental analyses to show that (1) eukaryotes and archaea, which possess the selenocysteine (Sec) protein insertion machinery contain an enzyme,...
Lobanov, Alexey V, Fomenko, Dmitri E, Zhang, Yan, Sengupta, Aniruddha, Hatfield, Dolph L, Gladyshev, Vadim N
Abstract Background Selenocysteine (Sec) is a selenium-containing amino acid that is co-translationally inserted into nascent polypeptides by recoding UGA codons. Selenoproteins occur in both...
Carlson, Bradley A., Moustafa, Mohamed E., Sengupta, Aniruddha, Schweizer, Ulrich, Shrimali, Rajeev, Rao, Mahadev, ...
Novel mouse models were developed in which the hepatic selenoprotein population was targeted for removal by disrupting the selenocysteine (Sec) tRNA [Ser]Sec gene (trsp) and then selenoprotein...
Zhang, Yan, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Selenocysteine (Sec) and pyrrolysine (Pyl) are rare amino acids that are cotranslationally inserted into proteins and known as the 21st and 22nd amino acids in the genetic code. Sec and Pyl are...
Shchedrina, Valentina A., Novoselov, Sergey V., Malinouski, Mikalai I., Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Selenocysteine (Sec, U) insertion into proteins is directed by translational recoding of specific UGA codons located upstream of a stemloop structure known as Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) element....
Zhang, Yan, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Selenocysteine (Sec) and pyrrolysine (Pyl) are rare amino acids that are cotranslationally inserted into proteins and known as the 21st and 22nd amino acids in the genetic code. Sec and Pyl are...
Sal, Lena S., Aachmann, Finn L., Kim, Hwa-Young, Gladyshev, Vadim N., Dikiy, Alexander
Isotopically labeled, 15N and 15N/13C forms of recombinant methionine-R-sulfoxide reductase 1 (MsrB1, SelR) from Mus musculus were produced, in which catalytic selenocysteine was replaced with...
Yoo, Min-Hyuk, Xu, Xue-Ming, Turanov, Anton A., Carlson, Bradley A., Gladyshev, Vadim N., Hatfield, Dolph L.
Selenocysteine insertion into protein in mammalian cells requires RNA elements in the 3′-untranslated regions (3′-UTRs) of selenoprotein genes. The occurrence of these conserved sequences should...
Selenoprotein H Is a Nucleolar Thioredoxin-like Protein with a Unique Expression Pattern (2007)
Novoselov, Sergey V., Kryukov, Gregory V., Xu, Xue-Ming, Carlson, Bradley A., Hatfield, Dolph L., Gladyshev, Vadim N.
The human selenoproteome consists of 25 known selenoproteins, but functions of many of these proteins are not known. Selenoprotein H (SelH) is a recently discovered 14-kDa mammalian protein with no...
Novel metabolism in Chlamydomonas through the lens of genomics (2007)
Grossman, Arthur R., Croft, Martin, Gladyshev, Vadim N., Merchant, Sebeeha S., Posewitz, Matthew C., Prochnik, Simon, ...
Chlamydomonas has traditionally been exploited as an organism that is associated with sophisticated physiological, genetic and molecular analyses, all of which have been used to elucidate several...
Labunskyy, Vyacheslav M., Hatfield, Dolph L., Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Disulfide bonds play an important role in the structure and function of membrane and secretory proteins. The formation of disulfide bonds in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of eukaryotic cells is...
Yoo, Min-Hyuk, Xu, Xue-Ming, Carlson, Bradley A., Patterson, Andrew D., Gladyshev, Vadim N., Hatfield, Dolph L.
Thioredoxin reductase 1 (TR1) is a major redox regulator in mammalian cells. As an important antioxidant selenoprotein, TR1 is thought to participate in cancer prevention, but is also known to be...
Biosynthesis of Selenocysteine on Its tRNA in Eukaryotes (2007)
Xue-Ming Xu, Bradley A. Carlson, Heiko Mix, Yan Zhang, Kazima Saira, Richard S. Glass, ...
Selenocysteine (Sec) is cotranslationally inserted into protein in response to UGA codons and is the 21st amino acid in the genetic code. However, the means by which Sec is synthesized in eukaryotes...
The Chlamydomonas genome reveals the evolution of key animal and plant functions. (2007)
Merchant, Sabeeha S., Prochnik, Simon E., Vallon, Olivier, Harris, Elizabeth H., Karpowicz, Steven J., Witman, George B., ...
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a unicellular green alga whose lineage diverged from land plants over 1 billion years ago. It is a model system for studying chloroplast-based photosynthesis, as well as...
Mix, Heiko, Lobanov, Alexey V., Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Expression of selenocysteine (Sec)-containing proteins requires the presence of a cis-acting mRNA structure, called selenocysteine insertion sequence (SECIS) element. In bacteria, this structure is...
Zhang, Yan, Romero, Hector, Salinas, Gustavo, Gladyshev, Vadim N
Abstract Background Selenocysteine (Sec) is co-translationally inserted into protein in response to UGA codons. It occurs in oxidoreductase active sites and often is catalytically superior to...
Turanov, Anton A., Su, Dan, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Thioredoxin reductase (TR) and thioredoxin (Trx) define a major cellular redox system that maintains cysteine residues in numerous proteins in the reduced state. Both cytosolic (TR1 and Trx1) and...
"Preface" to Selenium: Its Molecular Biology and Role in Human Health, Second Edition (2006)
Hatfield, Dolph L., Berry, Marla J., Gladyshev, Vadim N.
The purpose of the new edition book is to inform the reader of many new discoveries and to examine our present knowledge of the molecular biology of selenium, its incorporation into proteins as...
Selenoproteins and selenoproteomes (2006)
In the past several years, progress in genome sequencing and development of specialized bioinformatics tools allowed efficient identification of selenocysteine-containing proteins encoded in...
Mouse models for assessing the role of selenoproteins in health and development (2006)
Carlson, Bradley A., Xu, Xue-Ming, Shrimali, Rajeev, Sengupta, Aniruddha, Yoo, Min-Hyuk, Zhong, Nianxin, ...
Mouse models have been generated to assess the roles of selenoproteins involved with housekeeping tasks and/or stress-related phenomena in development and health. Each mouse model has taken advantage...
Selenium and methionine sulfoxide reduction (2006)
Kim, Hwa-Young, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Methionine residues in proteins can be readily oxidized to a diastereomeric mixture of methionine sulfoxides by reactive oxygen species. In most organisms, methionine sulfoxides are reversibly and...
Salinas, Gustavo, Romero, Héctor, Xu, Xue-Ming, Carlson, Bradley A., Hatfield, Dolph L., Gladyshev, Vadim N.
The complete sequencing of genomes and the development of in silico methods for identification of genes encoding selenocysteine (Sec)-containing proteins have greatly contributed to shape our view on...
Selenoproteins in parasites (2006)
Salinas, Gustavo, Lobanov, Alexei V., Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Parasites, which cause an enormous burden in the population of the third world, are a diverse group of organisms, many of which are sensitive to oxidative stress imposed by their hosts. In recent...
The 15-kDa selenoprotein (Sep15): functional analysis and role in cancer (2006)
Labunskyy, Vyacheslav M., Gladyshev, Vadim N., Hatfield, Dolph L.
The 15-kDa selenoprotein (Sep15) was identified several years ago as a protein of unknown function. In recent years, several lines of evidence implicated Sepl5 in the effect of dietary selenium in...
Mammalian and other eukaryotic selenocysteine tRNAs (2006)
Carlson, Bradley A., Xu, Xue-Ming, Shrimali, Rajeev, Sengupta, Aniruddha, Yoo, Min-Hyuk, Irons, Robert, ...
Selenocysteine (Sec) tRNA occupies a prominent position in the expression of selenoproteins as it is essential for their synthesis and it provides the means by which selenium is co-translationally...
Yoo, Min-Hyuk, Xu, Xue-Ming, Carlson, Bradley A., Gladyshev, Vadim N., Hatfield, Dolph L.
Dietary selenium has potent cancer prevention activity. Both low molecular weight selenocompounds and selenoproteins are implicated in this effect. Thioredoxin reductase 1 (TR1) is one of the major...
Kim, Hwa-Young, Gladyshev, Vadim N
Abstract Background Methionine sulfoxide reduction is an important protein repair pathway that protects against oxidative stress, controls protein function and has a role in regulation of aging....
Novoselov, Sergey V., Hua, Deame, Lobanov, A. V., Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Sec (selenocysteine) is a rare amino acid in proteins. It is co-translationally inserted into proteins at UGA codons with the help of SECIS (Sec insertion sequence) elements. A full set of...
Ferguson, Andrew D., Labunskyy , Vyacheslav, Fomenko, Dmitri E., Arac, Demet, Chelliah, Yogarany, Amexcua, Carlos A., ...
Selenium has significant health benefits, including potent cancer prevention activity and roles in immune function and the male reproductive system. Selenium-containing proteins, which incorporate...
Heiko Mix, Alexey V. Lobanov, Vadim N. Gladyshev
Expression of selenocysteine (Sec)-containing proteins requires the presence of a cis-acting mRNA structure, called selenocysteine insertion sequence (SECIS) element. In bacteria, this structure is...
SECIS elements in the coding regions of selenoprotein transcripts are functional (2006)
Heiko Mix, Alexey V. Lobanov, Vadim N. Gladyshev
in higher eukaryotes
The Plasmodium selenoproteome (2006)
Lobanov, Alexey V., Delgado, Cesar, Rahlfs, Stefan, Novoselov, Sergey V., Kryukov, Gregory V., Gromer, Stephan, ...
The use of selenocysteine (Sec) as the 21st amino acid in the genetic code has been described in all three major domains of life. However, within eukaryotes, selenoproteins are only known in animals...
Lobanov, Alexey V., Gromer, Stephan, Salinas, Gustavo, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Proteins containing the 21st amino acid selenocysteine (Sec) are present in the three domains of life. However, within lower eukaryotes, particularly parasitic protists, the dependence on the trace...
Mix, Heiko, Lobanov, Alexey V., Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Expression of selenocysteine (Sec)-containing proteins requires the presence of a cis-acting mRNA structure, called selenocysteine insertion sequence (SECIS) element. In bacteria, this structure is...
Lobanov, Alexey V., Gromer, Stephan, Salinas, Gustavo, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Proteins containing the 21st amino acid selenocysteine (Sec) are present in the three domains of life. However, within lower eukaryotes, particularly parasitic protists, the dependence on the trace...
Lobanov, Alexey V., Gromer, Stephan, Salinas, Gustavo, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Proteins containing the 21st amino acid selenocysteine (Sec) are present in the three domains of life. However, within lower eukaryotes, particularly parasitic protists, the dependence on the trace...
Mix, Heiko, Lobanov, Alexey V., Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Expression of selenocysteine (Sec)-containing proteins requires the presence of a cis-acting mRNA structure, called selenocysteine insertion sequence (SECIS) element. In bacteria, this structure is...
Xu, Xue-Ming, Mix, Heiko, Carlson, Bradley A., Grabowski, Paula J., Gladyshev, Vadim N., Berry, Marla J., ...
Selenocysteine (Sec) is inserted into selenoproteins co-translationally with the help of various cis- and trans-acting factors. The specific mechanisms of Sec biosynthesis and insertion into protein...
Hwa-Young Kim, Vadim N. Gladyshev
Altering cysteine-containing residues in a family of oxidoreductases reveals the role of selenocysteine in influencing the catalytic mechanism.
Hwa-Young Kim, Vadim N. Gladyshev
Selenocysteine (Sec) is found in active sites of several oxidoreductases in which this residue is essential for catalytic activity. However, many selenoproteins have fully functional orthologs,...
Labunskyy, Vyacheslav M., Ferguson, Andrew D., Fomenko, Dmitri E., Chelliah, Yogarany, Hatfield, Dolph L., Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Selenium is an essential trace element with potent cancer prevention activity in mammals. The 15-kDa selenoprotein (Sep15) has been implicated in the chemopreventive effect of dietary selenium....
Biterova, Ekaterina I., Turanov, Anton A., Gladyshev, Vadim N., Barycki, Joseph J.
Thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) is an essential enzyme required for the efficient maintenance of the cellular redox homeostasis, particularly in cancer cells that are sensitive to reactive oxygen...
Evolution of selenium utilization traits (2005)
Romero, Héctor, Zhang, Yan, Gladyshev, Vadim N, Salinas, Gustavo
Abstract Background The essential trace element selenium is used in a wide variety of biological processes. Selenocysteine (Sec), the 21st amino acid, is co-translationally incorporated into a...
Mammalian Selenoprotein Thioredoxin-glutathione Reductase (2005)
Su, Dan, Novoselov, Sergey V., Sun, Qi-An, Moustafa, Mohamed E., Zhou, You, Oko, Richard, ...
Thioredoxin reductases (TRs) are important redox regulatory enzymes, which control the redox state of thioredoxins. Mammals have cytosolic and mitochondrial TRs, which contain an essential...
Pyrrolysine and Selenocysteine Use Dissimilar Decoding Strategies (2005)
Zhang, Yan, Baranov, Pavel V., Atkins, John F., Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Selenocysteine (Sec) and pyrrolysine (Pyl) are known as the 21st and 22nd amino acids in protein. Both are encoded by codons that normally function as stop signals. Sec specification by UGA codons...
The microbial selenoproteome of the Sargasso Sea (2005)
Zhang, Yan, Fomenko, Dmitri E, Gladyshev, Vadim N
Abstract Background Selenocysteine (Sec) is a rare amino acid which occurs in proteins in major domains of life. It is encoded by TGA, which also serves as the signal for termination of translation,...
Carlson, Bradley A., Xu, Xue-Ming, Gladyshev, Vadim N., Hatfield, Dolph L.
Selenium is an essential micronutrient in the diet of mammals and has many health benefits. Selenium-containing proteins are responsible for most, if not all, of these benefits. This element is...
Carlson, Bradley A., Xu, Xue-Ming, Gladyshev, Vadim N., Hatfield, Dolph L.
Selenocysteine (Sec) is the 21st amino acid in the genetic code. Its tRNA is variably methylated on the 2'-Ohydroxyl site of the ribosyl moiety at position 34 (Um34). Herein, we identified a role of...
Castellano, Sergi, Lobanov, Alexey V., Chapple, Charles, Novoselov, Sergey V., Albrecht, Mario, Hua, Deame, ...
Taskov, Kalin, Chapple, Charles, Kryukov, Gregory V., Castellano, Sergi, Lobanov, Alexey V., Korotkov, Konstantin V., ...
Selenocysteine (Sec) is co-translationally inserted into selenoproteins in response to codon UGA with the help of the selenocysteine insertion sequence (SECIS) element. The number of selenoproteins...
Selenocysteine insertion directed by the 3'-UTR SECIS element in Escherichia coli (2005)
Su, Dan, Li, Yehua, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Co-translational insertion of selenocysteine (Sec) into proteins in response to UGA codons is directed by selenocysteine insertion sequence (SECIS) elements. In known bacterial selenoprotein genes,...
Zhang, Yan, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Motivation: Incorporation of selenocysteine (Sec) into proteins in response to UGA codons requires a cis-acting RNA structure, Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) element. Whereas SECIS elements in...
Zhang, Yan, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Motivation: Incorporation of selenocysteine (Sec) into proteins in response to UGA codons requires a cis-acting RNA structure, Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) element. Whereas SECIS elements in E....
Identification and characterization of phosphoseryl-tRNA [Ser]Sec kinase (2004)
Carlson, Bradley A., Xu, Xue-Ming, Kryukov, Gregory V., Rao, Mahadev, Berry, Marla J., Gladyshev, Vadim N., ...
In 1970, a kinase activity that phosphorylated a minor species of seryl-tRNA to form phosphoseryl-tRNA was found in rooster liver [Maenpaa, P. H. & Bernfield, M. R. (1970) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA...
The prokaryotic selenoproteome (2004)
Kryukov, Gregory V., Gladyshev, Vadim N.
In the genetic code, the UGA codon has a dual function as it encodes selenocysteine (Sec) and serves as a stop signal. However, only the translation terminator function is used in gene annotation...
Carlson, Bradley A., Novoselov, Sergey V., Kumaraswamy, Easwari, Jae Lee, Byeong, Anver, Miriam R., Gladyshev, Vadim N., ...
Selenium is essential in mammalian embryonic development. However, in adults, selenoprotein levels in several organs including liver can be substantially reduced by selenium deficiency without any...
A Study in Modeling Low-Conservation Protein Superfamilies (2004)
Wang, Chang, Scott, Stephen, Zhang, Jun, Tao, Qingping, Fomenko, Dmitri E., Gladyshev, Vadim N.
We present several algorithms for identification of new proteins in superfamilies with low primary sequence conservation. The low conservation of primary sequence in protein superfamilies such as...
Castellano, Sergi, Novoselov, Sergey V., Kryukov, Gregory V., Lescure, Alain, Blanco, Enrique, Krol, Alain, ...
While the genome sequence and gene content are available for an increasing number of organisms, eukaryotic selenoproteins remain poorly characterized. The dual role of the UGA codon confounds the...
Castellano, Sergi, Novoselov, Sergey V., Kryukov, Gregory V., Lescure, Alain, Blanco, Enrique, Krol, Alain, ...
While the genome sequence and gene content are available for an increasing number of organisms, eukaryotic selenoproteins remain poorly characterized. The dual role of the UGA codon confounds the...
A Study in Modeling Low-Conservation Protein Superfamilies (2004)
Wang, Chang, Scott, Stephen, Zhang, Jun, Tao, Qingping, Fomenko, Dmitri E., Gladyshev, Vadim N.
We present several algorithms for identification of new proteins in superfamilies with low primary sequence conservation. The low conservation of primary sequence in protein superfamilies such as...
A study in modeling low-conservation protein superfamilies (2004)
Chang Wang, Student Member, Stephen D. Scott, Jun Zhang, Qingping Tao, Dmitri E. Fomenko, ...
We present several algorithms for identification of new proteins in superfamilies with low primary sequence conservation. The low conservation of primary sequence in protein superfamilies such as...
Characterization of Mammalian Selenoproteomes (2003)
Kryukov, Gregory V., Castellano, Sergi, Novoselov, Sergey V., Lobanov, Alexey V., Zehtab, Omid, Guigo, Roderic, ...
In the genetic code, UGA serves as a stop signal and a selenocysteine codon, but no computational methods for identifying its coding function are available. Consequently, most selenoprotein genes are...
On Modeling Protein Superfamilies with Low Primary Sequence Conservation (2003)
Scott, Stephen, Ji, H., Wen, P., Fomenko, Dmitri E., Gladyshev, Vadim N.
We present several algorithms for identifying thioredoxin (Trx)-fold proteins containing a conserved CxxC motif (two cysteines separated by two residues). The low conservation of primary sequence in...
Novoselov, Sergey V., Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Thioredoxin reductase (TR) and thioredoxin constitute a major cellular redox system present in all organisms. In contrast to a single form of thioredoxin, there are two TR types: One (bacterial type...
Kumar, R. Abhilash, Koc, Ahmet, Cerny, Ronald, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Methionine residues in proteins are susceptible to oxidation, and the resulting methionine sulfoxides can be reduced back to methionines by methionine- S-sulfoxide reductase (MsrA) and...
Fomenko, Dmitri E., Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Redox reactions involving thiol groups in proteins are major participants in cellular redox regulation and antioxidant defense. Although mechanistically similar, thiol-dependent redox processes are...
Selenium Metabolism in Drosophila (2001)
Martin-Romero, F. Javier, Kryukov, Gregory V., Lobanov, Alexei V., Carlson, Bradley A., Lee, Byeong Jae, Gladyshev, Vadim N., ...
Selenocysteine is a rare amino acid in protein that is encoded by UGA with the requirement of a downstream mRNA stem-loop structure, the selenocysteine insertion sequence element. To detect...
Identification and Characterization of a New Mammalian Glutaredoxin (Thioltransferase), Grx2 (2001)
Gladyshev, Vadim N., Liu, Aimin, Novoselov, Sergey V., Krysan, Konstantin, Sun, Qi-An, Kryukov, Valentin M., ...
A thiol/disulfide oxidoreductase component of the GSH system, glutaredoxin (Grx), is involved in the reduction of GSH-based mixed disulfides and participates in a variety of cellular redox pathways....
Korotkov, Konstantin V., Kumaraswamy, Easwari, Zhou, You, Hatfield, Dolph L., Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Mammalian selenocysteine-containing proteins characterized with respect to function are involved in redox processes and exhibit distinct expression patterns and cellular locations. A recently...
Heterogeneity within Animal Thioredoxin Reductases (2001)
Sun, Qi-An, Zappacosta, Francesca, Factor, Valentina M., Wirth, Peter J., Hatfield, Dolph L., Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Animal thioredoxin reductases (TRs) are selenocysteine- containing flavoenzymes that utilize NADPH for reduction of thioredoxins and other protein and nonprotein substrates. Three types of mammalian...
Structure-Expression Relationships of the 15-kDa Selenoprotein Gene (2000)
Kumaraswamy, Easwari, Malyhk, Andrey, Korotkov, Konstantin V., Kozyavkin, Sergei, Hu, Yajun, Lee, Byeong J., ...
Selenium has been implicated in cancer prevention, but the mechanism and possible involvement of selenoproteins in this process are not understood. To elucidate whether the 15-kDa selenoprotein may...
Kryukov, Gregory V., Kryukov, Valentin M., Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Mammalian selenium-containing proteins identified thus far contain selenium in the form of a selenocysteine residue encoded by UGA. These proteins lack common amino acid sequence motifs, but...
Redox Regulation of Cell Signaling by Selenocysteine in Mammalian Thioredoxin Reductases (1999)
Sun, Qi-An, Wu, Yalin, Zappacosta, Francesca, Jeang, Kuan-Teh, Jae Lee, Byeong, Hatfield, Dolph L., ...
The intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species, together with the thioredoxin and glutathione systems, is thought to participate in redox signaling in mammalian cells. The activity of...
Selenocysteine-Containing Proteins in Mammals (1998)
Gladyshev, Vadim N., Hatfield, Dolph L.
Since the recent discovery of selenocysteine as the 21st amino acid in protein, the field of selenium biology has rapidly expanded. Twelve mammalian selenoproteins have been characterized to date and...
A New Human Selenium-containing Protein (1998)
Gladyshev, Vadim N., Jeang, Kuan Teh, Wootton, John C., Hatfield, Dolph L.
Selenium which occurs in proteins as the amino acid, selenocysteine, is essential for numerous biological processes and for human health. A prominent 75Se-labeled protein detected in human T-cells...
Characterization of Crystalline Formate Dehydrogenase H from Escherichia coli (1996)
Gladyshev, Vadim N., Boyington, Jeffrey C., Khangulov, Sergei V., Grahame, David, Stadtman, Thressa C., Sun, Peter D.
The selenocysteine-containing formate dehydrogenase H (FDH) is an 80-kDa component of the Escherichia coli formate-hydrogen lyase complex. The molybdenumcoordinated selenocysteine is essential for...
Gladyshev, Vadim N., Stadtman, Thressa C., Hatfield, Dolph L., Jeang, Kuan-Teh
It has been observed previously that plasma selenium and glutathione levels are subnormal in HIV-infected individuals, and plasma glutathione peroxidase activity is decreased. Under these conditions...
Selenoprotein oxidoreductase with specificity for thioredoxin and glutathione systems
Sun, Qi-An, Kirnarsky, Leo, Sherman, Simon, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Thioredoxin (Trx) and glutathione (GSH) systems are considered to be two major redox systems in animal cells. They are reduced by NADPH via Trx reductase (TR) or oxidized GSH (GSSG) reductase and...
Moustafa, Mohamed E., Carlson, Bradley A., El-Saadani, Muhammad A., Kryukov, Gregory V., Sun, Qi-An, Harney, John W., ...
Selenocysteine (Sec) tRNA (tRNA[Ser]Sec) serves as both the site of Sec biosynthesis and the adapter molecule for donation of this amino acid to protein. The consequences on selenoprotein...
Selenoprotein R is a zinc-containing stereo-specific methionine sulfoxide reductase
Kryukov, Gregory V., Kumar, R. Abhilash, Koc, Ahmet, Sun, Zhaohui, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Selenoprotein R (SelR) is a mammalian selenocysteine-containing protein with no known function. Here we report that cysteine homologs of SelR are present in all organisms except certain parasites and...
Novoselov, Sergey V., Rao, Mahadev, Onoshko, Natalia V., Zhi, Huijun, Kryukov, Gregory V., Xiang, Youbin, ...
Known eukaryotic selenocysteine (Sec)-containing proteins are animal proteins, whereas selenoproteins have not been found in yeast and plants. Surprisingly, we detected selenoproteins in a member of...
Korotkov, Konstantin V., Novoselov, Sergey V., Hatfield, Dolph L., Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Selenocysteine (Sec), the 21st amino acid in protein, is encoded by UGA. The Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) element, which is the stem-loop structure present in 3" untranslated regions (UTRs) of...
Selective Removal of the Selenocysteine tRNA[Ser]Sec Gene (Trsp) in Mouse Mammary Epithelium
Kumaraswamy, Easwari, Carlson, Bradley A., Morgan, Fanta, Miyoshi, Keiko, Robinson, Gertraud W., Su, Dan, ...
Mice homozygous for an allele encoding the selenocysteine (Sec) tRNA[Ser]Sec gene (Trsp) flanked by loxP sites were generated. Cre recombinase-dependent removal of Trsp in these mice was lethal to...
Kwon, So Yeon, Badenhorst, Paul, Martin-Romero, F. Javier, Carlson, Bradley A., Paterson, Bruce M., Gladyshev, Vadim N., ...
Selenium is implicated in many diseases, including cancer, but its function at the molecular level is poorly understood. BthD is one of three selenoproteins recently identified in Drosophila. To...
Methionine Sulfoxide Reduction in Mammals: Characterization of Methionine-R-Sulfoxide Reductases
Kim, Hwa-Young, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Methionine residues in proteins are susceptible to oxidation by reactive oxygen species, but can be repaired via reduction of the resulting methionine sulfoxides by methionine-S-sulfoxide reductase...
Koc, Ahmet, Gasch, Audrey P., Rutherford, Julian C., Kim, Hwa-Young, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Aging is thought to be caused by the accumulation of damage, primarily from oxidative modifications of cellular components by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Here we used yeast methionine sulfoxide...
Identification and characterization of phosphoseryl-tRNA[Ser]Sec kinase
Carlson, Bradley A., Xu, Xue-Ming, Kryukov, Gregory V., Rao, Mahadev, Berry, Marla J., Gladyshev, Vadim N., ...
In 1970, a kinase activity that phosphorylated a minor species of seryl-tRNA to form phosphoseryl-tRNA was found in rooster liver [Maenpaa, P. H. & Bernfield, M. R. (1970) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA...
Taskov, Kalin, Chapple, Charles, Kryukov, Gregory V., Castellano, Sergi, Lobanov, Alexey V., Korotkov, Konstantin V., ...
Selenocysteine (Sec) is co-translationally inserted into selenoproteins in response to codon UGA with the help of the selenocysteine insertion sequence (SECIS) element. The number of selenoproteins...
Selenocysteine insertion directed by the 3′-UTR SECIS element in Escherichia coli
Su, Dan, Li, Yehua, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Co-translational insertion of selenocysteine (Sec) into proteins in response to UGA codons is directed by selenocysteine insertion sequence (SECIS) elements. In known bacterial selenoprotein genes,...
The microbial selenoproteome of the Sargasso Sea
Zhang, Yan, Fomenko, Dmitri E, Gladyshev, Vadim N
An analysis of the selenoproteome of the largest microbial sequence dataset, the Sargasso Sea environmental genome sequences, identified 310 selenoprotein genes that clustered into 25 families. This...
Evolution of selenium utilization traits
Romero, Héctor, Zhang, Yan, Gladyshev, Vadim N, Salinas, Gustavo
Completely sequenced genomes were analyzed for occurrence of SelA, B, C, D and ybbB genes. SelB and SelC were found to be signatures for the Sec decoding trait, while SelD defines the overall...
Kim, Hwa-Young, Gladyshev, Vadim N
Selenocysteine (Sec) is found in active sites of several oxidoreductases in which this residue is essential for catalytic activity. However, many selenoproteins have fully functional orthologs,...
Castellano, Sergi, Novoselov, Sergey V, Kryukov, Gregory V, Lescure, Alain, Blanco, Enrique, Krol, Alain, ...
While the genome sequence and gene content are available for an increasing number of organisms, eukaryotic selenoproteins remain poorly characterized. The dual role of the UGA codon confounds the...
The prokaryotic selenoproteome
Kryukov, Gregory V, Gladyshev, Vadim N
In the genetic code, the UGA codon has a dual function as it encodes selenocysteine (Sec) and serves as a stop signal. However, only the translation terminator function is used in gene annotation...
Lobanov, Alexey V., Delgado, Cesar, Rahlfs, Stefan, Novoselov, Sergey V., Kryukov, Gregory V., Gromer, Stephan, ...
The use of selenocysteine (Sec) as the 21st amino acid in the genetic code has been described in all three major domains of life. However, within eukaryotes, selenoproteins are only known in animals...
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii selenocysteine tRNA[Ser]Sec
RAO, MAHADEV, CARLSON, BRADLEY A., NOVOSELOV, SERGEY V., WEEKS, DONALD P., GLADYSHEV, VADIM N., HATFIELD, DOLPH L.
Eukaryotic selenocysteine (Sec) protein insertion machinery was thought to be restricted to animals, but the occurrence of both Sec-containing proteins and the Sec insertion system was recently found...
Biterova, Ekaterina I., Turanov, Anton A., Gladyshev, Vadim N., Barycki, Joseph J.
Thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) is an essential enzyme required for the efficient maintenance of the cellular redox homeostasis, particularly in cancer cells that are sensitive to reactive oxygen...
Castellano, Sergi, Lobanov, Alexey V., Chapple, Charles, Novoselov, Sergey V., Albrecht, Mario, Hua, Deame, ...
Selenoproteins are a diverse group of proteins that contain selenocysteine (Sec), the 21st amino acid. In the genetic code, UGA serves as a termination signal and a Sec codon. This dual role has...
Lobanov, Alexey V., Gromer, Stephan, Salinas, Gustavo, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Proteins containing the 21st amino acid selenocysteine (Sec) are present in the three domains of life. However, within lower eukaryotes, particularly parasitic protists, the dependence on the trace...
Gladyshev, Vadim N., Stadtman, Thressa C., Hatfield, Dolph L., Jeang, Kuan-Teh
It has been observed previously that plasma selenium and glutathione levels are subnormal in HIV-infected individuals, and plasma glutathione peroxidase activity is decreased. Under these conditions...
Selenoprotein oxidoreductase with specificity for thioredoxin and glutathione systems
Sun, Qi-An, Kirnarsky, Leo, Sherman, Simon, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Thioredoxin (Trx) and glutathione (GSH) systems are considered to be two major redox systems in animal cells. They are reduced by NADPH via Trx reductase (TR) or oxidized GSH (GSSG) reductase and...
Moustafa, Mohamed E., Carlson, Bradley A., El-Saadani, Muhammad A., Kryukov, Gregory V., Sun, Qi-An, Harney, John W., ...
Selenocysteine (Sec) tRNA (tRNA[Ser]Sec) serves as both the site of Sec biosynthesis and the adapter molecule for donation of this amino acid to protein. The consequences on selenoprotein...
Selenoprotein R is a zinc-containing stereo-specific methionine sulfoxide reductase
Kryukov, Gregory V., Kumar, R. Abhilash, Koc, Ahmet, Sun, Zhaohui, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Selenoprotein R (SelR) is a mammalian selenocysteine-containing protein with no known function. Here we report that cysteine homologs of SelR are present in all organisms except certain parasites and...
Novoselov, Sergey V., Rao, Mahadev, Onoshko, Natalia V., Zhi, Huijun, Kryukov, Gregory V., Xiang, Youbin, ...
Known eukaryotic selenocysteine (Sec)-containing proteins are animal proteins, whereas selenoproteins have not been found in yeast and plants. Surprisingly, we detected selenoproteins in a member of...
Korotkov, Konstantin V., Novoselov, Sergey V., Hatfield, Dolph L., Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Selenocysteine (Sec), the 21st amino acid in protein, is encoded by UGA. The Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) element, which is the stem-loop structure present in 3" untranslated regions (UTRs) of...
Selective Removal of the Selenocysteine tRNA[Ser]Sec Gene (Trsp) in Mouse Mammary Epithelium
Kumaraswamy, Easwari, Carlson, Bradley A., Morgan, Fanta, Miyoshi, Keiko, Robinson, Gertraud W., Su, Dan, ...
Mice homozygous for an allele encoding the selenocysteine (Sec) tRNA[Ser]Sec gene (Trsp) flanked by loxP sites were generated. Cre recombinase-dependent removal of Trsp in these mice was lethal to...
Kwon, So Yeon, Badenhorst, Paul, Martin-Romero, F. Javier, Carlson, Bradley A., Paterson, Bruce M., Gladyshev, Vadim N., ...
Selenium is implicated in many diseases, including cancer, but its function at the molecular level is poorly understood. BthD is one of three selenoproteins recently identified in Drosophila. To...
Methionine Sulfoxide Reduction in Mammals: Characterization of Methionine-R-Sulfoxide Reductases
Kim, Hwa-Young, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Methionine residues in proteins are susceptible to oxidation by reactive oxygen species, but can be repaired via reduction of the resulting methionine sulfoxides by methionine-S-sulfoxide reductase...
Koc, Ahmet, Gasch, Audrey P., Rutherford, Julian C., Kim, Hwa-Young, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Aging is thought to be caused by the accumulation of damage, primarily from oxidative modifications of cellular components by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Here we used yeast methionine sulfoxide...
Identification and characterization of phosphoseryl-tRNA[Ser]Sec kinase
Carlson, Bradley A., Xu, Xue-Ming, Kryukov, Gregory V., Rao, Mahadev, Berry, Marla J., Gladyshev, Vadim N., ...
In 1970, a kinase activity that phosphorylated a minor species of seryl-tRNA to form phosphoseryl-tRNA was found in rooster liver [Maenpaa, P. H. & Bernfield, M. R. (1970) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA...
Taskov, Kalin, Chapple, Charles, Kryukov, Gregory V., Castellano, Sergi, Lobanov, Alexey V., Korotkov, Konstantin V., ...
Selenocysteine (Sec) is co-translationally inserted into selenoproteins in response to codon UGA with the help of the selenocysteine insertion sequence (SECIS) element. The number of selenoproteins...
Selenocysteine insertion directed by the 3′-UTR SECIS element in Escherichia coli
Su, Dan, Li, Yehua, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Co-translational insertion of selenocysteine (Sec) into proteins in response to UGA codons is directed by selenocysteine insertion sequence (SECIS) elements. In known bacterial selenoprotein genes,...
The microbial selenoproteome of the Sargasso Sea
Zhang, Yan, Fomenko, Dmitri E, Gladyshev, Vadim N
An analysis of the selenoproteome of the largest microbial sequence dataset, the Sargasso Sea environmental genome sequences, identified 310 selenoprotein genes that clustered into 25 families. This...
Biterova, Ekaterina I., Turanov, Anton A., Gladyshev, Vadim N., Barycki, Joseph J.
Thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) is an essential enzyme required for the efficient maintenance of the cellular redox homeostasis, particularly in cancer cells that are sensitive to reactive oxygen...
Evolution of selenium utilization traits
Romero, Héctor, Zhang, Yan, Gladyshev, Vadim N, Salinas, Gustavo
Completely sequenced genomes were analyzed for occurrence of SelA, B, C, D and ybbB genes. SelB and SelC were found to be signatures for the Sec decoding trait, while SelD defines the overall...
Kim, Hwa-Young, Gladyshev, Vadim N
Selenocysteine (Sec) is found in active sites of several oxidoreductases in which this residue is essential for catalytic activity. However, many selenoproteins have fully functional orthologs,...
Castellano, Sergi, Lobanov, Alexey V., Chapple, Charles, Novoselov, Sergey V., Albrecht, Mario, Hua, Deame, ...
Selenoproteins are a diverse group of proteins that contain selenocysteine (Sec), the 21st amino acid. In the genetic code, UGA serves as a termination signal and a Sec codon. This dual role has...
Castellano, Sergi, Novoselov, Sergey V, Kryukov, Gregory V, Lescure, Alain, Blanco, Enrique, Krol, Alain, ...
While the genome sequence and gene content are available for an increasing number of organisms, eukaryotic selenoproteins remain poorly characterized. The dual role of the UGA codon confounds the...
The prokaryotic selenoproteome
Kryukov, Gregory V, Gladyshev, Vadim N
In the genetic code, the UGA codon has a dual function as it encodes selenocysteine (Sec) and serves as a stop signal. However, only the translation terminator function is used in gene annotation...
Lobanov, Alexey V., Delgado, Cesar, Rahlfs, Stefan, Novoselov, Sergey V., Kryukov, Gregory V., Gromer, Stephan, ...
The use of selenocysteine (Sec) as the 21st amino acid in the genetic code has been described in all three major domains of life. However, within eukaryotes, selenoproteins are only known in animals...
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii selenocysteine tRNA[Ser]Sec
RAO, MAHADEV, CARLSON, BRADLEY A., NOVOSELOV, SERGEY V., WEEKS, DONALD P., GLADYSHEV, VADIM N., HATFIELD, DOLPH L.
Eukaryotic selenocysteine (Sec) protein insertion machinery was thought to be restricted to animals, but the occurrence of both Sec-containing proteins and the Sec insertion system was recently found...
Lobanov, Alexey V., Gromer, Stephan, Salinas, Gustavo, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Proteins containing the 21st amino acid selenocysteine (Sec) are present in the three domains of life. However, within lower eukaryotes, particularly parasitic protists, the dependence on the trace...
Biosynthesis of Selenocysteine on Its tRNA in Eukaryotes
Xu, Xue-Ming, Carlson, Bradley A, Mix, Heiko, Zhang, Yan, Saira, Kazima, Glass, Richard S, ...
Selenocysteine (Sec) is cotranslationally inserted into protein in response to UGA codons and is the 21st amino acid in the genetic code. However, the means by which Sec is synthesized in eukaryotes...
Zhang, Yan, Romero, Hector, Salinas, Gustavo, Gladyshev, Vadim N
Comparative genomics and evolutionary analyses to examine the dynamics of selenocysteine utilization in bacteria reveal a dynamic balance between selenoprotein origin and loss.
Mix, Heiko, Lobanov, Alexey V., Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Expression of selenocysteine (Sec)-containing proteins requires the presence of a cis-acting mRNA structure, called selenocysteine insertion sequence (SECIS) element. In bacteria, this structure is...
Zhang, Yan, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Selenocysteine (Sec) and pyrrolysine (Pyl) are rare amino acids that are cotranslationally inserted into proteins and known as the 21st and 22nd amino acids in the genetic code. Sec and Pyl are...
Yoo, Min-Hyuk, Xu, Xue-Ming, Carlson, Bradley A., Patterson, Andrew D., Gladyshev, Vadim N., Hatfield, Dolph L.
Thioredoxin reductase 1 (TR1) is a major redox regulator in mammalian cells. As an important antioxidant selenoprotein, TR1 is thought to participate in cancer prevention, but is also known to be...
Novoselov, Sergey V., Lobanov, Alexey V., Hua, Deame, Kasaikina, Marina V., Hatfield, Dolph L., Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Selenoproteins are an elite group of proteins containing a rare amino acid, selenocysteine (Sec), encoded by the codon, UGA. In eukaryotes, incorporation of Sec requires a Sec insertion sequence...
A new strategy for assessing selenoprotein function: siRNA knockdown/knock-in targeting the 3′-UTR
Yoo, Min-Hyuk, Xu, Xue-Ming, Turanov, Anton A., Carlson, Bradley A., Gladyshev, Vadim N., Hatfield, Dolph L.
Selenocysteine insertion into protein in mammalian cells requires RNA elements in the 3′-untranslated regions (3′-UTRs) of selenoprotein genes. The occurrence of these conserved sequences should...
Ridge, Perry G., Zhang, Yan, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Copper is an essential trace element in many organisms and is utilized in all domains of life. It is often used as a cofactor of redox proteins, but is also a toxic metal ion. Intracellular copper...
SelenoDB 1.0 : a database of selenoprotein genes, proteins and SECIS elements
Castellano, Sergi, Gladyshev, Vadim N., Guigó, Roderic, Berry, Marla J.
Selenoproteins are a diverse group of proteins usually misidentified and misannotated in sequence databases. The presence of an in-frame UGA (stop) codon in the coding sequence of selenoprotein genes...
Shchedrina, Valentina A., Novoselov, Sergey V., Malinouski, Mikalai Yu., Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Selenocysteine (Sec, U) insertion into proteins is directed by translational recoding of specific UGA codons located upstream of a stem-loop structure known as Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) element....
Novoselov, Sergey V., Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Thioredoxin reductase (TR) and thioredoxin constitute a major cellular redox system present in all organisms. In contrast to a single form of thioredoxin, there are two TR types: One (bacterial type...
Lobanov, Alexey V, Fomenko, Dmitri E, Zhang, Yan, Sengupta, Aniruddha, Hatfield, Dolph L, Gladyshev, Vadim N
In silico and metabolic labeling studies of the selenoproteomes of several eukaryotes revealed distinct selenoprotein patterns as well as an ancient origin of selenoproteins and massive, independent...
Fomenko, Dmitri E., Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Redox reactions involving thiol groups in proteins are major participants in cellular redox regulation and antioxidant defense. Although mechanistically similar, thiol-dependent redox processes are...
Reduced reliance on the trace element selenium during evolution of mammals
Lobanov, Alexey V, Hatfield, Dolph L, Gladyshev, Vadim N
Evolution from fish to mammals was accompanied by decreased use of selenocysteine, raising questions about the need for selenium dietary supplements when pathology is not imminent.
Zhang, Yan, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Selenium is an important trace element that occurs in proteins in the form of selenocysteine (Sec) and in tRNAs in the form of selenouridine. Recent large-scale metagenomics projects provide an...
Lobanov, Alexey V., Hatfield, Dolph L., Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Proteins containing the 21st amino acid, selenocysteine (Sec), have been described in all three domains of life, but the composition of selenoproteomes in organisms varies significantly. Here, we...
Functional characterization of alternatively spliced human SECISBP2 transcript variants
Papp, Laura V., Wang, Junning, Kennedy, Derek, Boucher, Didier, Zhang, Yan, Gladyshev, Vadim N., ...
Synthesis of selenoproteins depends on decoding of the UGA stop codon as the amino acid selenocysteine (Sec). This process requires the presence of a Sec insertion sequence element (SECIS) in the...
Comparative genomic analyses of nickel, cobalt and vitamin B12 utilization
Zhang, Yan, Rodionov, Dmitry A, Gelfand, Mikhail S, Gladyshev, Vadim N
Marino, Stefano M., Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Cysteine (Cys) residues often play critical roles in proteins, for example, in the formation of structural disulfide bonds, metal binding, targeting proteins to the membranes, and various catalytic...
Bonilla, Mariana, Denicola, Ana, Novoselov, Sergey V., Turanov, Anton A., Protasio, Anna, Izmendi, Darwin, ...
Platyhelminth parasites are a major health problem in developing countries. In contrast to their mammalian hosts, platyhelminth thiol-disulfide redox homeostasis relies on linked...
Selenoproteins Mediate T Cell Immunity through an Antioxidant Mechanism*S⃞
Shrimali, Rajeev K., Irons, Robert D., Carlson, Bradley A., Sano, Yasuyo, Gladyshev, Vadim N., Park, Jin Mo, ...
Selenium is an essential dietary element with antioxidant roles in immune regulation, but there is little understanding of how this element acts at the molecular level in host defense and...
Lee, Byung Cheon, Le, Dung Tien, Gladyshev, Vadim N.
Methionine is an essential amino acid in mammals at the junction of methylation, protein synthesis, and sulfur pathways. However, this amino acid is highly susceptible to oxidation, resulting in a...